Abstract
Gelatin zymography is a simple yet powerful method to detect proteolytic enzymes capable of degrading gelatin from various biological sources. It is particularly useful for the assessment of two key members of the matrix metalloproteinase family, MMP-2 (gelatinase A) and MMP-9 (gelatinase B), due to their potent gelatin-degrading activity. This polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis-based method can provide a reliable assessment of the type of gelatinase, relative amount, and activation status (latent, compared with active enzyme forms) in cultured cells, tissues, and biological fluids. The method can be used to investigate factors that regulate gelatinase expression and modulate zymogen activation in experimental systems. The system provides information on the pattern of gelatinase expression and activation in human cancer tissues and how this relates to cancer progression. Interpretation of the data obtained in gelatin zymography requires a thorough understanding of the principles and pitfalls of the technique; this is particularly important when evaluating enzyme levels and the presence of active gelatinase species. If properly used, gelatin zymography is an excellent tool for the study of gelatinases in biological systems.
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Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank all the ex-members of the Fridman lab for suggestions and tips throughout the years. This work has been supported by an NIH/NCI grant (R01 CA-61986) to R.F.
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Toth, M., Sohail, A., Fridman, R. (2012). Assessment of Gelatinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) by Gelatin Zymography. In: Dwek, M., Brooks, S., Schumacher, U. (eds) Metastasis Research Protocols. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 878. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-854-2_8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-854-2_8
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