Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Epidemiological Study on Respiratory Health of School Children of Rural Sites of Malwa Region (India) During Post-harvest Stubble Burning Events

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
MAPAN Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A study on effects of particulate matter fractions (PM10, PM2.5 and PM1) on health of school children was done from September 2014 to December 2015 covering one wheat and two rice crop seasons. The study was undertaken at 3 rural sites in the districts of Patiala, Fatehgarh Sahib and Sangrur (Malwa region of Punjab). The monthly average values of PM10, PM2.5 and PM1 were about 3–4 times higher than the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) given by Central Pollution Control Board during the crop residue burning periods. The MODIS data images of crop residue burning events confirmed the active fire operations over the region. The lung function parameters (Forced Vital Capacity, Forced Expiratory Volume in one second) of children (10–16 years) decreased with increase in particulate matter concentration while no significant effect was observed on Oxygen saturation level of children. The decrease in Forced Vital Capacity was slightly more in male subjects as compared to the female population. The sharp decrease in Pulmonary Function Test parameters during the crop residue burning period indicated the severity of the episodic burning events on the health of the children.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. S. Bonnet, B. Gadde, S. Garivait and C. Menke, Air pollutant emissions from rice straw open field burning in India, Thailand and the Philippines, Environmental Pollution, 157 (2009) 1554–1558.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. A.R. Sharma, S.K. Kharol, K.V.S. Badarinath and D. Singh, Impact of agriculture crop residue burning on atmospheric aerosol loading—a study over Punjab State, India, Annales Geophysicae, 28 (2010) 367–379.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  3. J. Cole, NASA Earth Observatory, (2001). (http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/BiomassBurning/).

  4. J. Bukart, G. Steiner, G. Reischl, H. Moshammer, M. Neuberger and R. Hitzenberger, Characterizing the performance of two optical particle counters (Grimm OPC1.108 and OPC1.109) under urban aerosol conditions, J. Aerosol Sci., 41 (2010) 953–962.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  5. L.A. Beamish, A.R.O. Vargas and E. Wine, Air pollution: An environmental factor contributing to intestinal disease, J. Crohn’s Colitis, 5 (2011) 279–286.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. R.D. Brook, S. Rajagopalan and C.A. Pope, III, Particulate matter air pollution and cardiovascular disease: an update to the scientific statement from the American Heart Association, Circulation, 121 (2010) 2331–2378.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. W. Macnee and K. Donaldson, Mechanism of Lung injury caused by PM10 and ultrafine particles with special reference to COPD, Eur. Respir. J., 40 (2003) 47–51.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. N. Kulkarni and J. Grigg, Effect of air pollution on children, Paediatr Child Health, 18 (2008) 238–243.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. S. Gupta, S. K. Mittal, R. Agarwal, Respiratory health of school children in relation to their body mass index (BMI) during crop residue burning events in North Western India, MAPAN-J. Metrol. Soc. India, (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12647-017-0245-1.

  10. L. Morawska and J.J. Zhang, Combustion sources of particles. Health relevance and source signatures, Chemosphere, 49 (2002) 1045–1058.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  11. A. Awasthi, N. Singh, S. Mittal, P.K. Gupta and R. Agarwal, Effects of agriculture crop residue burning on children and young on PFTs in North West India, Sci. Total Environ., 408 (2010), 4440–4445.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  12. K.R. Smith, National burden of disease in India from indoor air pollution, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 97 (2000) 13286–13293.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  13. K. Balakrishnan, P. Ramaswamy, S. Sambandam, G. Thangavel, S. Ghosh, P. Johnson, K. Mukhopadhyay, V. Venugopal, V. Thanasekaraan, Air pollution from household solid fuel combustion in India: an overview of exposure and health related information to inform health research priorities, Glob. Health Action, 4 (2011), 5638, https://doi.org/10.3402/gha.v4i0.5638.

  14. X. Han and L.P. Naeher, A review of traffic-related air pollution exposure assessment studies in the developing world, Environ. Int., 32 (2006) 106–120.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. D. Majumdar, C. Dutta, A.K. Mukherjee and S. Sen, Source apportionment of VOCs at the petrol pumps in Kolkata, India; exposure of workers and assessment of associated health risk, Transp. Res. Part D Transp. Environ., 13 (2008) 524–530.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. B. Onat and B. Stakeeva, Personal exposure of commuters in public transport to PM2.5 and fine particle counts, Atmos. Pollut. Res., 4 (2013) 329–335.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. M. Junaid, J.S. Syed, N.A. Abbasi, M.Z. Hashmi, R.N. Malik and D.S. Pei, Status of indoor air pollution (IAP) through particulate matter (PM) emissions and associated health concerns in South Asia, Chemosphere, 191 (2018) 651–663.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  18. P. Quincey, S. Beccaceci, D. Butterfield, D. Sarantaridis and J. Tompkins, Aerosol metrology supporting air quality monitoring in the United Kingdom and Europe, MAPAN-J. Metrol. Soc. India, 28 (2013) 145–152.

    Google Scholar 

  19. A. Lyod and G. Bansal, Emissions from transportation and fuels: the importance of initial and real world measurements for policy making in India, MAPAN-J. Metrol. Soc. India, 28 (2013) 227–234.

    Google Scholar 

  20. R. Agarwal, A Awasthi, N. Singh, S.K. Mittal and P.K. Gupta, Epidemiological study on healthy subjects affected by agriculture crop-residue burning episodes and its relation with their pulmonary function tests, Int. J. Environ Health Res., 23 (2013) 281–295.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. R. Agarwal, A Awasthi, N. Singh, P.K. Gupta and S.K. Mittal, Effects of Exposure to rice-crop residue burning smoke on pulmonary functions and Oxygen Saturation level of Human Beings in Patiala (India), Sci. Total Environ., 429 (2012) 161–166.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  22. (https://earthdata.nasa.gov/earth-observation-data/near-real-time/rapid-response)

  23. N. Rastogi, A. Patel, A. Singh and D. Singh, Diurnal variability in secondary organic aerosol formation over the Indo Gangetic Plain during winter using online measurement of water-soluble organic carbon, Aerosol Air Qual. Res, (2015), 1–7

  24. TERI Report No. 2003SF62 (https://cdm.unfccc.int/Projects/DB/DNV-CUK1179324777.88/ReviewInitialComments/OLEJNKZCUBK3FLFPWKGZNFB3NM64L0).

  25. American Thoracic Society. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med, 158 (1998) 1–76.

  26. M.R. Miller, J. Hankinson, V. Brusasco, F. Burgos, R. Casaburi, A. Coates, A. Coates, R. Crapo, P. Enright, C.P.M.V.D. Grinten, P. Gustafsson, R. Jensen, D.C. Johnson, N. MacIntyre, R. McKay, D. Navajas, O.F. Pedersen, R. Pellegrino, G. Viegi and J. Wanger, Standardization of spirometry, Eur. Respir. J., 26 (2005) 319–338.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. C.A. Redlich, S.M. Tarlo, J.L. Hankinson, M.C. Townsend, W.L. Eschenbacher, S.G. Von Essen, T. Sigsgaard, D.N. Weissman, American Thoracic Society Committee on Spirometry in the Occupational Setting, Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., 189 (2014) 983–993.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. R.R. Martinez, R.P. Padilla, G.O. Fernandez, L.M. Alvarado, H.M. Marcias, T. Fortoul, W. McDonnell, D. Loomis and I. Romieu, Lung function growth in children with long-term exposure to air pollutants in Mexico City, Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., 176 (2007) 377–384.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. A. Awasthi, R. Agarwal, S.K. Mittal, N. Singh and P.K. Gupta, Study of size and mass distribution of particulate matter due to crop residue burning with seasonal variation in rural area of Punjab, India, J. Environ. Monit., 13 (2011) 1073–1081.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Continuous Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Station, Thapar University, Patiala.

  31. K.V.S. Badrinath, T.R. Kiran Chand and V. Krishna Prasad, Agriculture crop residue burning in the Indo-Gangetic Plains: a study using IRS-P6 Awifs Sattelite Data, Curr. Sci., 91 (2006) 1085–1089.

    Google Scholar 

  32. S.K. Mittal, N. Singh, R. Agarwal, A. Awasthi and P.K. Gupta, Ambient air quality during wheat and rice crop stubble burning episodes in Patiala, Atmos. Environ., 43 (2009) 238–234.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  33. B.S. Sidhu, O.P. Rupela, V. Beri and P.K. Joshi, Sustainability implications of burning rice and wheat straw in Punjab, Econ. Polit. Weekly, 33 (1998) 163–168.

    Google Scholar 

  34. P. Kothi, I.V. Saradhi, G.G. Pandit, A. Markwitz, V.D. Puranik, Chemical characterization and source apportionment of particulate matter at an urban site of navi Mumbai, India, Aerosol Air Qual. Res., 11 (2011) 560–569.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. J.M. Peters, E. Avol, W.J. Gauderman, W.S. Linn, W. Navidi, S.J. London, F. Lurmann, W.S. Linn, H. Margolis, E. Rappaport, H.J. Gong and D.C. Thomas, A study of twelve Southern California communities with differing levels and types of air pollution. II. Effects on pulmonary function, Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., 159 (1999) 768–775.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Y.L. Lee, W.H. Wang, C.W. Lu, Y.H. Lin and B.F. Hwang, Effects of ambient air pollution on pulmonary function among schoolchildren, Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health, 214 (2011) 369–375.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. P.P. Vliet,, M. Knape, J. de Hartog, N. Janssen, H. Harssema, B. Brunekreef, Motor vehicle exhaust and chronic respiratory symptoms in children living near freeways, Environ. Res., 74 (1997) 122–132.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. M.W. Gillman, W.B. Kannel, A. Belanger and R.B.D. Agostino, Influence of heart rate on mortality among persons with hypertension: the Framingham study, Am. Heart J., 125 (1993) 1148–1154.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. A. Hjalmarson, E.A. Gilpin, J. Kjekshus, G. Schieman, P. Nicod, H. Henning and J. Ross, Influence of heart rate on mortality after acute myocardial infarction, Am. J. Cardiol., 65 (1990), 547–553.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. S. Julius, P. Palatini and S.D. Nesbitt, Tachycardia: an important determinant of coronary risk in hypertension, J. Hypertens., 16 (1998) 9–15.

    Google Scholar 

  41. C.A. Pope III, D.W. Dockery, R.G. Kanner, G.M. Villegas and J. Schwartz, Oxygen saturation, pulse rate, and particulate air pollution, Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., 159 (1999) 365–372.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. W.W. Holland, T. Hall, A.E. Bennett and A. Elliott, Factors influencing the onset of Chronic Respiratory Disease, Br. Med. J., 1969, 205–208.

  43. D.V. Bates, Health indices of the adverse effects of air pollution; the question of coherence, Environ. Res., 59 (1992) 336–349.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

Authors are thankful to all the three schools for their cooperation who allowed to take samples (Rishi Public School, Upli (Sangrur), Govt. Sr. Sec. School, Sidhuwal (Patiala), Sacred Heart Public School, Nabipur, (Fatehgarh Sahib) and Shaheed Lalit Kumar Govt. Public School, Jalwera, (Fatehgarh sahib).

Funding

The work was funded by Indian Council of Medical Research (Project No.: 5//8/4-03(Env)1/0 – NCD-I, Govt. of India). Authors are thankful to Thapar University for providing research facilities.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Thapar University, Patiala, Punjab, 147004, India

    Gurpreet S. Saggu

  2. School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar University, Patiala, Punjab, 147004, India

    Susheel K. Mittal

  3. Department of Electrical and Instrumentation Engineering, Thapar University, Patiala, Punjab, 147004, India

    Ravinder Agarwal

  4. Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pashan, Pune, 411008, India

    Gurfan Beig

Authors
  1. Gurpreet S. Saggu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Susheel K. Mittal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Ravinder Agarwal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Gurfan Beig
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Susheel K. Mittal.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary material 1 (XLSX 24 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Saggu, G.S., Mittal, S.K., Agarwal, R. et al. Epidemiological Study on Respiratory Health of School Children of Rural Sites of Malwa Region (India) During Post-harvest Stubble Burning Events. MAPAN 33, 281–295 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12647-018-0259-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12647-018-0259-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation