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Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus in Egypt

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Abstract

During 2010, yellowing symptoms were frequently observed in cultivated squash fields in Egypt. A total of 717 symptomatic squash leaf samples were collected from four regions where squash cultivation is of economic importance for the country: Kafrelsheikh, El-Behira, El-Sharkia and El-Ismailia. Serological analysis showed that 95.6% of the symptomatic squash samples were infected by Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus (CABYV), and visual estimation of the incidence of yellowing symptoms suggested a very high incidence of CABYV in the fields. Twelve CABYV isolates were characterized by sequencing two regions of the viral genome, open reading frame (ORF) 3 and ORFs 4/5. Overall, Egyptian isolates were very similar among them, and had higher similarity values with a French than with a Chinese isolate. The average nucleotide diversity for ORF 3 was significantly higher than for the other two regions, indicating that variability is not evenly distributed along the viral genome. The ratios between nucleotide diversity values in non-synonymous (d N ) and synonymous (d S) positions (d N /d S) for each ORF showed that the three ORFs are evolving under different pressures, although predominantly under purifying selection. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that these Egyptian isolates, with only one exception, shared the same clade with a French isolate. Moreover, these analyses suggested that Egyptian isolates belong to the Mediterranean group described previously.

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Acknowledgments

Part of this work was supported by grant 11934/PI/09 (Fundación Séneca de la Región de Murcia, Spain). We thank Miguel A. Aranda and Verónica Truniger for critically reading the manuscript, and Mari Carmen Montesinos and Blanca Gosalvez for their excellent technical assistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt

    Ayman F. Omar

  2. Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt

    Naser A. Bagdady

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  1. Ayman F. Omar
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  2. Naser A. Bagdady
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Correspondence to Ayman F. Omar.

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Omar, A.F., Bagdady, N.A. Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus in Egypt. Phytoparasitica 40, 177–184 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12600-011-0212-2

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