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Risks and Mechanisms of Oncological Disease Following Stem Cell Transplantation

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Abstract

Unique biological properties of stem cells make them a precious source of cell material for treatment of a number of pathological conditions. Among issues inhibiting transition of stem cell technologies to the clinics, the risk of oncological complications of stem cell-based therapies is the most critical. A massive amount of clinical and experimental data demonstrates that both hematological (including acute and chronic myeloid leukemia) and non-hematological (including teratoma and non-teratoma tumors) malignancies could arise from donor stem cells of different types. A wide spectrum of mechanisms could underlie the development of oncological disease in recipients, including: i) blast transformation of proliferating donor stem cells under persistent action of certain factors in the recipient, thus causing de novo malignancies; ii) contamination of donor cell material with malignant cells; iii) transmission of particular viral subtypes with donor stem cells, combined with immunosuppression therapy effects; iv) uncontrollable proliferation of residual undifferentiated stem cells of various plasticity; and v) karyotypic instability in stem cells following prolonged culturing/expansion in vitro. Potential preventive strategies are diverse and include i) high-throughput cell sorting-based strategies; ii) introduction of suicide genes into the donor stem cell genome; iii) application of apoptosis-inducing epigenetic factors; and some other options.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are most grateful to Prof. Patrik Brundin and Asst. Prof. Jia-Yi Li, (Neuronal Survival Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Lund University, Sweden) for years of productive collaboration in the field of developing experimental stem cell-based therapeutic approaches for advanced Parkinson’s Disease. S.V.A.’s work is supported by the Russian Federal Agency for Science and Innovation (State Contract № 02.527.11.0007); MCB Program, Russian Academy of Sciences; NordForsk (Grant No. 080250) and European Community’s 7th Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013) under grant agreement n°241558 (SICA-HF); A.M.’s work is supported by The Swedish Research Council, Swedish Parkinson Foundation, and Swedish Institute.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Department of Cell and Gene Therapy, V. A. Almazov Federal Center for Heart, Blood & Endocrinology, Akkuratova Str. 2, Saint-Petersburg, 197341, Russia

    Sergey V. Anisimov

  2. Department of Intracellular Signaling and Transport, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, Saint-Petersburg, 194064, Russia

    Sergey V. Anisimov

  3. Department of Biological Repair, Field of Clinical Application, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan

    Asuka Morizane

  4. Faculty of Medicine, Centre de Recherche du CHUL, Neuroscience Axis, Université Laval, 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Bloc T3-67, Québec, QC, G1V4G2, Canada

    Ana S. Correia

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  1. Sergey V. Anisimov
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  3. Ana S. Correia
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Correspondence to Sergey V. Anisimov.

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Anisimov, S.V., Morizane, A. & Correia, A.S. Risks and Mechanisms of Oncological Disease Following Stem Cell Transplantation. Stem Cell Rev and Rep 6, 411–424 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12015-010-9134-5

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