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Evaluating the prevalence and molecular epidemiology of echovirus 11 isolated from sewage in Shandong Province, China in 2010

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Abstract

Echovirus 11 (E11) is an important human pathogen, but its genetic information in China is in scarce. In this study, 12 sewage samples from Jinan city and 18 from Linyi city were collected in Shandong Province, China in 2010, and E11 was the predominant serotype with 54 isolates from 16 samples. Numbers of E11 isolates reached peaks in August in both Jinan and Linyi city, while another peak occurred in December in Linyi. The complete VP1 genes of all these isolates were sequenced and phylogenetically compared with clinical isolates from Shandong in 1994–2010 (n = 29) and global E11. Shandong isolates segregated into five clusters, four in genogroup A and one in genogroup C. Environmental isolates belonged to two clusters of genogroup A, with high inter-cluster genetic divergence (18.5–20.9%). No local clinical E11 was isolated in the two cities in 2010, revealing the value of environmental surveillance in investigating circulating viruses. These findings underscored the significance of environmental VP1 sequence divergences in comprehending the local enterovirus circulation, and updated the global molecular epidemiology of E11.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by a grant for Research on Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases from the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare of Japan, and two grants from Health Department of Shandong Province (2011QZ013, 2011HZ058). The authors express sincere thanks to the colleagues of Division of EPI, Shandong CDC.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012, People’s Republic of China

    Jing Yang, Yanyan Song & Aiqiang Xu

  2. Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People’s Republic of China

    Ning Cui

  3. Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, People’s Republic of China

    Haiyan Wang, Zexin Tao, Yao Liu, Lizhi Song, Yan Li, Xiaojuan Lin & Aiqiang Xu

  4. Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 16992 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, People’s Republic of China

    Aiqiang Xu

  5. Jinan Environmental Monitoring Center, Jinan, People’s Republic of China

    Heng Zhang

  6. Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan

    Hiromu Yoshida

  7. WHO WPRO Regional Polio Reference Laboratory and State Key Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Genetic Engineering, Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People’s Republic of China

    Yong Zhang & Wenbo Xu

  8. Linyi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Linyi, People’s Republic of China

    Shengxiang Ji

Authors
  1. Jing Yang
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  2. Ning Cui
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  3. Haiyan Wang
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  4. Zexin Tao
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  5. Yao Liu
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  6. Heng Zhang
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  7. Hiromu Yoshida
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  8. Yanyan Song
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  9. Yong Zhang
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  10. Lizhi Song
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  11. Yan Li
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  12. Xiaojuan Lin
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  13. Shengxiang Ji
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  14. Wenbo Xu
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  15. Aiqiang Xu
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Yanyan Song or Aiqiang Xu.

Additional information

Jing Yang, Ning Cui, and Haiyan Wang contributed equally to this study and are the first authors.

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Yang, J., Cui, N., Wang, H. et al. Evaluating the prevalence and molecular epidemiology of echovirus 11 isolated from sewage in Shandong Province, China in 2010. Virus Genes 44, 388–394 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-012-0719-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-012-0719-8

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