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Role of cytokines in experimentally induced lung cancer and chemoprevention by COX-2 selective inhibitor, etoricoxib

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Abstract

This study explored the role of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in dimethyl benz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-induced lung cancer and its subsequent correction with a COX-2 inhibitory NSAID, etoricoxib. A single dose of DMBA (20 mg/kg body weight) in 0.9 % NaCl administered intratracheally was used to induce tumors in the rat lungs in 20 weeks. The study of pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-1β, TNF-α, and IFN-γ revealed their upregulation by DMBA administration and restoration of their levels toward normal by the treatment with etoricoxib, while the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-2 was found to be down-regulated with carcinogen administration and corrected with etoricoxib treatment. Apoptosis was studied by mitochondrial Bcl-2/Bax ratio and staining with fluorescent dyes acridine orange/ethidium bromide. The results showed a decreased apoptotic level with DMBA which was corrected with etoricoxib. Also, mitochondrial membrane potential was studied using JC-1 and rhodamine-123, which are membrane permeant fluorescent dyes, and generate information about cells at lower and higher mitochondrial membrane potential (∆ΨM). The results showed the presence of maximum number of cells with higher ∆ΨM in the DMBA group and their number was considerably lowered in the other three groups.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India

    Neeti Nadda, Shruti Setia, Vivek Vaish & Sankar Nath Sanyal

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  1. Neeti Nadda
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  2. Shruti Setia
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  3. Vivek Vaish
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  4. Sankar Nath Sanyal
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Correspondence to Sankar Nath Sanyal.

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Nadda, N., Setia, S., Vaish, V. et al. Role of cytokines in experimentally induced lung cancer and chemoprevention by COX-2 selective inhibitor, etoricoxib. Mol Cell Biochem 372, 101–112 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-012-1451-3

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