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Rapid detection of bloodstream pathogens by real-time PCR in patients with sepsis

Rasche Detektion von Pathogenen im Blut von Sepsis-Patienten mittels Real-Time-PCR

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Zusammenfassung

Die schnelle Detektion von Infektionen der Blutbahn ist essentiell für eine umgehende Heilung der Patienten. Das Ziel unserer Studie war es daher, den LightCycler SeptiFast Test zur Sepsis-Diagnostik in einem Schwerpunktkrankenhaus in Westösterreich zu evaluieren. Einundsiebzig Blutproben von 61 Patienten mit Verdacht auf Sepsis wurden mittels LightCycler SeptiFast Test untersucht und mit den Ergebnissen eines konventionellen Blutkultursystems verglichen. Einundfünfzig Proben (71.8 %) waren mittels beider Teste negativ. In 20 positiven Proben (28.2 %) wurden zehn verschiedene Pathogene mittels mindestens einer der beiden Teste identifiziert. Fünf Proben waren mittels beider Teste positiv. Die Übereinstimmungsrate von Blutkultur und des SeptiFast Test war 78.9 %, der negative Vorhersagewert des SeptiFast Tests im Vergleich zur Blutkultur war 0.94, die Sensitivität betrug 0.63, die Spezifität 0.81. In 12 Proben mit einem positiven SeptiFast Test und einem negativen Blutkulturergebnis wurden die gleichen Pathogene, die mit dem SeptiFast Test identifiziert wurden, auch in Proben von anderen Körperregionen gefunden, was auf eine korrekt positive Detektion schließen lässt. In 11.3 % wurde aufgrund des Ergebnisses des SeptiFast Tests die Therapie des Patienten verändert. In drei Proben war die Blutkultur positiv, während hingegen der SeptiFast Test ein negatives Ergebnis erbrachte. In zwei dieser Fälle waren diese Pathogene nicht auf der Liste der mittels SeptiFast Test möglich zu identifizierenden Pathogene enthalten, im dritten Fall wurde eineCandida glabrata vom SeptiFast Test nicht detektiert.

Wir empfehlen daher den SeptiFast Kit als wertvollen Test zur schnellen Diagnostik von Infektionen der Blutbahn, jedoch nur zusätzlich zur Blutkultur, nicht zu deren Ersatz.

Summary

Rapid detection of bloodstream infections is an important issue for a better patient outcome. The aim of our study was thus to evaluate the LightCycler SeptiFast assay for diagnosis of bloodstream pathogens in a tertiary hospital in Western Austria. The 71 blood samples of 61 patients with presumed sepsis were investigated and compared with conventional blood culture system results. In both assays, 51 samples (71.8 %) were negative. In 20 positive samples (28.2 %), 10 different pathogens were detected by either blood culture system or SeptiFast assay or by both methods. Five samples were positive in both assays. The agreement rate of blood culture system and SeptiFast assay was 78.9 %, the negative predictive value of SeptiFast assay versus blood culture system was 0.94, sensitivity was 0.63, and specificity 0.81. In 12 samples where a positive SeptiFast assay and a negative blood culture system result were obtained, the same pathogens as identified by SeptiFast assay were detected in samples from other body sites suggesting a correct positive detection. In 11.3 % of cases, the SeptiFast assay resulted in an adjustment of the patients’ therapy. In 3 samples, the blood culture assay was positive whereas the SeptiFast assay yielded negative results. In two of these cases, the pathogens involved were not included in the SeptiFast detection list, in the third case SeptiFast assay failed to detect Candida glabrata.

Thus we recommend the SeptiFast assay as a valuable tool for rapid diagnosis of bloodstream infections in addition to, but not as replacement for, the blood culture test.

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Each author listed in this article has seen and approved the submission of this version of the article and takes full responsibility for this article. None of the authors listed in this article has any potential conflict of interest to declare.

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Correspondence to Katharina Grif.

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Grif, K., Fille, M., Würzner, R. et al. Rapid detection of bloodstream pathogens by real-time PCR in patients with sepsis. Wien Klin Wochenschr 124, 266–270 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00508-012-0159-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00508-012-0159-4

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