Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Resistance to tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus in melon is controlled by a major QTL located in chromosome 11

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Plant Cell Reports Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Key message

Identification of three genomic regions and underlying candidate genes controlling the high level of resistance to ToLCNDV derived from a wild melon. SNP markers appropriated for MAS management of resistance.

Abstract

Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) is a bipartite begomovirus that severely affects melon crop (Cucumis melo) in the main production areas of Spain since 2012. In this work, we evaluated the degree of resistance of four accessions (two belonging to the subsp. agrestis var. momordica and two to the wild agrestis group) and their corresponding hybrids with a susceptible commercial melon belonging to the subsp. melo (Piel de Sapo, PS). The analysis using quantitative PCR (qPCR) allowed us to select one wild agrestis genotype (WM-7) with a high level of resistance and use it to construct segregating populations (F 2 and backcrosses). These populations were phenotyped for symptom severity and virus content using qPCR, and genotyped with different sets of SNP markers. Phenotyping and genotyping results in the F 2 and BC1s populations derived from the WM-7 × PS cross were used for QTL analysis. Three genomic regions controlling resistance to ToLCNDV were found, one major locus in chromosome 11 and two additional regions in chromosomes 12 and 2. The highest level of resistance (no or mild symptoms and very low viral titer) was obtained with the homozygous WM-7WM-7 genotype at the major QTL in chromosome 11, even with PSPS genotypes at the other two loci. The resistance derived from WM-7 is useful to develop new melon cultivars and the linked SNPs selected in this paper will be highly useful in marker-assisted breeding for ToLCNDV resistance in melon.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Bandaranayake WMEK, Wickramarachchi WART, Wickramasinghe HAM, Rajapakshe RGAS, Dissanayake DMKK (2014) Molecular detection and characterization of begomoviruses associated with cucurbitaceae vegetables in Sri Lanka. J Natl Sci Found Sri Lanka 42:265–271. doi:10.4038/jnsfsr.v42i3.7400

    Google Scholar 

  • Blanca J, Cañizares J, Ziarsolo P, Esteras C, Mir G, Nuez F, García-Mas J, Picó B (2011) Melon transcriptome characterization: simple sequence repeats and single nucleotide polymorphisms discovery for high throughput genotyping across the species. Plant Genome 4:118–131. doi:10.1186/1471-2164-12-104

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blanca J, Esteras C, Ziarsolo P, Pérez D, Fernández V, Collado C, Rodríguez R, Ballester A, Roig C, Cañizares J, Picó B (2012) Transcriptome sequencing for SNP discovery across Cucumis melo. BMC Genom 13:280. doi:10.1186/1471-2164-13-280

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brustolini OJB, Machado JPB, Condori-Apfata JA, Coco D, Deguchi M, Loriato VAP, Pereira WA, Alfenas-Zerbini P, Zerbini FM, Inoue-Nagata AK, Santos AA, Chory J, Silva FF, Fontes EPB (2015) Sustained NIK-mediated antiviral signalling confers broad-spectrum tolerance to begomoviruses in cultivated plants. Plant Biotechnol J 13:1300–1311. doi:10.1111/pbi12349

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Chang HH, Ku HM, Tsai WS, Chien RC, Jan FJ (2010) Identification and characterization of a mechanical transmissible begomovirus causing leaf curl on oriental melon. Eur J Plant Pathol 127:219–228. doi:10.1007/s10658-010-9586-0

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chou WL, Huang LF, Fang JC, Yeh CH, Hong CY, Wu SJ, Lu CA (2014) Divergence of the expression and subcellular localization of CCR4-associated factor 1 (CAF1) deadenylase proteins in Oryza sativa. Plant Mol Biol 85:443–458. doi:10.1007/s11103-014-0196-7

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chung HY, Sunter G (2014) Interaction between the transcription factor AtTIFY4B and begomovirus AL2 protein impacts pathogenicity. Plant Mol Biol 86:185–200. doi:10.1007/s11103-014-0222-9

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dhillon NPS, Monforte AJ, Pitrat M, Pandey S, Singh PK, Reitsma KR, Garcia-Mas J, Sharma A, McCreight JD (2012) Melon landraces of India: contributions and importance. In: Janick J (ed) Plant breeding reviews, vol 35. Wiley, New Jersey, pp 85–150. doi:10.1002/9781118100509

    Google Scholar 

  • Doyle JJ, Doyle JL (1990) Isolation of plant DNA from fresh tissue. Focus 12:13–15

    Google Scholar 

  • EPPO (2017) European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization. https://www.eppo.int/QUARANTINE/Alert_List/viruses/ToLCNDV.htm. Accessed 28 Feb 2017

  • Esteras C, Gómez P, Monforte AJ, Blanca J, Vicente-Dólera N, Roig C, Nuez F, Picó B (2012) High-throughput SNP genotyping in Cucurbita pepo for map construction and quantitative trait loci mapping. BMC Genom 22(13):80. doi:10.1186/1471-2164-13-80

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Esteras C, Formisano G, Roig C, Díaz A, Blanca J, García-Mas J, Gómez-Guillamón ML, López-Sesé AI, Lázaro A, Monforte AJ, Picó B (2013) SNP genotyping in melons: genetic variation, population structure, and linkage disequilibrium. Theor Appl Genet 126:285–303. doi:10.1007/s00122-013-2053-5

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Font San Ambrosio MI, Alfaro Fernández AO (2015) El virus de Nueva Delhi (Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus, ToLCNDV) amplía su gama de hospedantes en los cultivos españoles. Phytoma 272:25–30

    Google Scholar 

  • Fortes IM, Sánchez-Campos S, Fiallo-Olivé E, Díaz-Pendón JA, Navas-Castillo J, Moriones E (2016) A novel strain of Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus has spread to the Mediterranean basin. Viruses 8:307. doi:10.3390/v8110307

    Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • García-Mas J, Benjak A, Sanseverino W, Bourgeois M, Mir G, González VM et al (2012) The genome of melon (Cucumis melo L). Proc Natl Acad Sci 109:11872–11877. doi:10.1073/pnas.1205415109

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Hernández V (2016) El melón deja espacio a la sandía en Castilla La Mancha. MERCADOS. http://www.revistamercadoscom/noticia/melon-deja-espacio-la-sandia-castilla-la-mancha/. Accessed 24 Feb 2017

  • Hunter LJR, Brockington SF, Murphy AM, Pate AE, MacFarlane SA, Palukaitis P, Carr JP (2016) RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 1 in potato (Solanum tuberosum) and its relationship to other plant RNA-dependent RNA polymerases. Sci Rep 6:23082. doi:10.1038/srep23082

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Islam S, Munshi AD, Mandal B, Behera TK, Kumar R (2010) Genetics of resistance in Luffa cylindrical Roemagainst tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus. Euphytica 174:83–89. doi:10.1007/s10681-010-0138-7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Islam S, Munshi AD, Verma M, Arya L, Mandal B, Behera TK, Kumar R, Lal SK (2011) Screening of Luffa cylindrical Roem for resistance against Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus, inheritance of resistance, and identification of SRAP markers linked to the single dominant resistance gene. J Hortic Sci Biotechnol 86:661–667

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ji Y, Schuster DJ, Scott JW (2007) Ty-3, a begomovirus resistance locus near the Tomato yellow leaf curl virus resistance locus Ty-1 on chromosome 6 of tomato. Mol Breed 20:271–284. doi:10.1007/s11032-007-9089-7

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Juárez M, Tovar R, Fiallo-Olivé E, Aranda MA, Gosálvez B, Castillo P, Moriones E, Navas-Castillo J (2014) First detection of tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus infecting Zucchini in Spain. Plant Dis 98:857–858. doi:10.1094/pdis-10-13-1050-PDN

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jyothsna P, Haq QMI, Singh P, Sumiya KV, Praveen S, Rawat R, Briddon RW, Malathi VG (2013) Infection of tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV), a bipartite begomovirus with betasatellites, results in enhanced level of helper virus components and antagonistic interaction between DNA B and betasatellites. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 97:5457–5471. doi:10.1007/s00253-012-4685-9

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Khan MS, Ji SH, Chun SC (2012) Begomoviruses and their emerging threats in South Korea: a review. Plant Pathol 28:123–136. doi:10.5423/PPJ.2012.28.2.123

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kushwaha N, Singh AK, Basu S, Chakraborty S (2015) Differential response of diverse solanaceous hosts to tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus infection indicates coordinated action of NBS-LRR and RNAi-mediated host defense. Arch Virol 160:1499–1509. doi:10.1007/s00705-015-2399-x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lacatus G, Sunter G (2009) The Arabidopsis PEAPOD2 transcription factor interacts with geminivirus AL2 protein and the coat protein promoter. Virology 392:196–202. doi:10.1016/j.virol.2009.07.004

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lapidot M, Karniel U, Gelbart D, Fogel D, Evenor D, Kutsher Y, Makhbash Z, Nahon S, Shlomo H, Chen L, Reuveni M, Levin I (2015) A novel route controlling begomovirus resistance by the messenger RNA surveillance factor pelota. PLoS Genet 11:e1005538. doi:10.1371/journal

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Lee KJ, Kim K (2015) The rice serine/threonine protein kinase OsPBL1 (ORYZA SATIVA ARABIDOPSIS PBS1-LIKE 1) is potentially involved in resistance to rice stripe disease. Plant Growth Regul 77(1):67–75. doi:10.1007/s10725-015-0036-z

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Leida C, Moser C, Esteras C, Sulpice R, Lunn JE, De Langen F et al (2015) Variability of candidate genes, genetic structure and association with sugar accumulation and climacteric behavior in a broad germplasm collection of melon (Cucumis melo L). BMC Genet 16:28. doi:10.1186/s12863-015-0183-2

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • López C, Ferriol M, Picó MB (2015) Mechanical transmission of Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus to cucurbit germplasm: selection of tolerance sources in Cucumis melo. Euphytica 204:279–691. doi:10.1007/s10681-015-1371-x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mascarell-Creus A, Cañizares J, Vilarrasa-Blasi J, Mora-Garcia S, Blanca J, Gonzalez-Ibeas D, Saladie M, Roig C, Picó B, Lopez-Vigas N, Aranda MA, Garcia-Mas J, Nuez F, Puigdomenech P, Caño-Delgado AI (2009) An oligo-based microarray offers novel transcriptomic approaches for the analysis of pathogen resistance and fruit quality traits in melon (Cucumis melo L.). BMC Genom 10:467. doi:10.1186/1471-2164-10-467

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McCreight JD, Wiutemantel WM, Natwick ET, Sinclair JW, Crosby KM, Gómez-Guillamón ML (2017) Recessive resistance to CYSDV in melon TGR 1551. Acta Hortic 1151:101–108. doi:10.17660/ActaHortic.2017.1151.17

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mnari-Hattab M, Zammouri S, Belkadhi MS, Bellon Doña D, ben Nahia MR, Hajlaoui E (2015) First report of Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus infecting cucurbits in Tunisia. New Dis Rep 31:21. doi:10.5197/j2044-05882015031021

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mubin M, Mansoor S, Hussain M, Zafar Y (2007) Silencing of AV2 gene by antisense RNA protects transgenic plants against a bipartite begomovirus. Virol J 4:10. doi:10.1186/1743-422X-4-10

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Naqvi AR, Haq QMR, Mukherjee SK (2010) MicroRNA profiling of Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) infected tomato leaves indicates that deregulation of mir159/319 and mir172 might be linked with leaf curl disease. Virol J 7:281. doi:10.1186/1743-422X-7-281

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Palomares-Rius FJ, Garcés-Claver A, Gómez-Guillamón ML (2016) Detection of two QTLs associated with resistance to cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus in Melon Line TGR 1551. In: Kozik EU, Paris HS (eds) XIth EUCARPIA Meeting on Genetics and Breeding of Cucurbitaceae, pp 334–337

  • Panno S, Iacono G, Davino M, Marchione S, Zappardo V, Bella P, Tomassoli L, Accotto GP, Davino S (2016) First report of Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus affecting zucchini squash in an important horticultural area of southern Italy. New Dis Rep 33:6. doi:10.5197/j2044-05882016033006

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Papidam M, Beachy RN, Fauquet CM (1995) Tomato leaf curl geminivirus from India has a bipartite genome and coat protein is not essential for infectivity. J Gen Virol 76:25–35. doi:10.1099/0022-1317-76-1-25

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Perpiñá G, Esteras C, Gibon Y, Monforte AJ, Picó B (2016) A new genomic library of melon introgression lines in a cantaloupe genetic background for dissecting desirable agronomical traits. BMC Plant Biol 16:154. doi:10.1186/s12870-016-0842-0

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Pradhan B, Naqvi AR, Saraf S, Mukherjee SK, Dey N (2015) Prediction and characterization of Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) responsive novel microRNAs in Solanum lycopersicum. Virus Res 195:183–195. doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2014.09.001

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pratap D, Kashikar AR, Mukherjee SK (2011) Molecular characterization and infectivity of a Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus variant associated with newly emerging yellow mosaic disease of eggplant in India. Virol J 8:305. doi:10.1186/1743-422X-8-305

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Rai NK, Sahu PP, Gupta S, Reddy MK, Ravishankar KV, Singh M, Sadashiva AT, Prasad M (2013) Identification and validation of an ISSR marker linked to Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus resistant gene in a core set of tomato accessions. Veg Sci 40:1–6

    Google Scholar 

  • Rosen R, Kanakala S, Kliot A, Pakkianathan BC, Farich BA, Santana-Magal N, Elimelech M, Kontsedalov S, Lebedev G, Cilia M, Ghanim M (2015) Persistent, circulative transmission of begomoviruses by whitefly vectors. Curr Opin Virol 15:1–8. doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2015.06.008

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Roy A, Bal SS, Fergany M, Kaur S, Singh H, Malik AA, Singh J, Monforte AJ, Dhillon NPS (2012) Wild melon diversity in India (Punjab State). Genet Resour Crop Evol 59:755–767. doi:10.1007/s10722-011-9716-3

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ruiz L, Simon A, Velasco L, Janssen D (2016) Biological characterization of Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus from Spain. Plant Pathol. doi:10.1111/ppa12587

    Google Scholar 

  • Sáez C, Martínez C, Ferriol M, Manzano S, Velasco L, Jamilena M, López C, Picó B (2016) Resistance to Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus in Cucurbita spp. Ann Appl Biol 169:91–105. doi:10.1111/aab12283

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saha D, Rana RS, Sureja AK, Verma M, Arya L, Munshi AD (2013) Cloning and characterization of NBS-LRR encoding resistance gene candidates from Tomato Leaf Curl New Delhi Virus resistant genotype of Luffa cylindrica Roem. Physiol Mol Plant Pathol 81:107–117. doi:10.1016/j.pmpp.2012.11.007

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sahu PP, Rai NK, Chakraborty S, Singh M, Chandrappa PH, Ramesh B, Chattopadhyay D, Prasad M (2010) Tomato cultivar tolerant to Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus infection induces virus-specific short interfering RNA accumulation and defence-associated host gene expression. Mol Plant Pathol 11:531–544. doi:10.1111/j.1364-3703.2010.00630.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sahu PP, Sharma N, Puranik S, Chakraborty S, Prasad M (2016) Tomato 26S Proteasome subunit RPT4a regulates ToLCNDV transcription and activates hypersensitive response in tomato. Sci Rep 6:27078. doi:10.1038/srep27078

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Sarowar S, Oh HW, Cho HS, Baek KH, Seong ES et al (2007) Capsicum annuum CCR4-associated factor CaCAF1 is necessary for plant development and defence response. Plant J 51:792–802. doi:10.1111/j.1365-313X.2007.03174.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma V, Basu S, Chakraborty S (2015) RNAi mediated broad-spectrumtransgenic resistance in Nicotiana benthamiana to chilli-infecting begomoviruses. Plant Cell Rep 34:1389–1399. doi:10.1007/s00299-015-1795-8

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Srivastava KM, Hallan V, Raizada RK, Chandra G, Singh BP, Sane PV (1995) Molecular cloning of Indian tomato leaf curl virus genome following a simple method of concentrating the supercoiled replicative form of viral DNA. J Virol Methods 51:297–304

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Van Ooijen JW (2009) MapQTL® 6 Software for the mapping of quantitative trait loci in experimental population of diploid species Kayzma BV. Wageningen, The Netherlands

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Ooijen JW, Voorrips RE (2001) JoinMap Version 30, Software for the calculation of genetic linkage maps Release 30 Plant Research International Wageningen, The Netherlands

  • Verlaan MG, Hutton SF, Ibrahem RM, Kormelink R, Visser RGF, Scott JW, Edwards JD, Bai Y (2013) The tomato yellow leaf curl virus resistance genes Ty-1 and Ty-3 are allelic and code for DFDGD-class RNA–dependent RNA polymerases. PLOS Genetics 9:e1003399. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1003399

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Vu TV, Roy Choudhury N, Mukherjee SK (2013) Transgenic tomato plantsexpressing artificial microRNAs for silencing the pre-coat and coat proteins of abegomovirus, Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus, show tolerance to virus infection. Virus Res 172:35–45. doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2012.12.008

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wang S, Basten CJ, Zeng Z-B (2012) Windows QTL cartographer 25 department of statistics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC. http://statgen.ncsu.edu/qtlcart/WQTLCart.htm. Accessed 20 Feb 2017

  • Yeam I (2016) Current advances and prospectus of viral resistance in horticultural crops. Hortic Environ Biotechnol 57:113–122. doi:10.1007/s13580-016-0105-x

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zaidi SSEA, Martin DP, Amin I, Farooq M, Mansoor S (2016) Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus: a widespread bipartite begomovirus in the territory of monopartite begomoviruses. Mol Plant Pathol. doi:10.1111/mpp12481

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zamir D, Ekstein-Michelson I, Zakay Y et al (1994) Mapping and introgression of a tomato yellow leaf curl virus tolerance gene, TY-1. Theor Appl Genet 88:141–146. doi:10.1007/BF00225889

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zeng ZB (1994) Precision mapping of quantitative trait loci. Genetics 136:1457–1468

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Zorzatto C, Machado JP, Lopes KV, Nascimento KJ, Pereira WA, Brustolini OJ, Reis PA, Calil IP, Deguchi M, Sachetto-Martins G, Gouveia BC, Loriato VA, Silva MA, Silva FF, Santos AA, Chory J, Fontes EP (2015) NIK1-mediated translation suppression functions as a plant antiviral immunity mechanism. Nature 520:679–682. doi:10.1038/nature14171

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

CS was the recipient of a predoctoral fellowship (ACIF/2016/188) from Generalitat Valenciana, and CM was the recipient of a Juan de la Cierva contract from the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (FJCI-2014-19817). This work was supported by Project E_RTA2013-00020-C04-03 from the Spanish Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agrarias (INIA) cofunded with FEDER funds. We also thank Maureen Mecozzi for helpful edits and the USDA genebank for providing seeds of some of the accessions used in this study.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for the Conservation and Breeding of Agricultural Biodiversity (COMAV-UPV), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain

    Cristina Sáez, Cristina Esteras, Cecilia Martínez, Carmelo López & Belén Picó

  2. Instituto Agroforestal Mediterráneo (IAM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain

    María Ferriol

  3. World Vegetable Center East and Southeast Asia/Oceania, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen, Nakhon Pathom, 73140, Thailand

    Narinder P. S. Dhillon

Authors
  1. Cristina Sáez
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Cristina Esteras
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Cecilia Martínez
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. María Ferriol
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Narinder P. S. Dhillon
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Carmelo López
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Belén Picó
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Belén Picó.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Communicated by Kathryn K. Kamo.

Electronic supplementary material

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Sáez, C., Esteras, C., Martínez, C. et al. Resistance to tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus in melon is controlled by a major QTL located in chromosome 11. Plant Cell Rep 36, 1571–1584 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-017-2175-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-017-2175-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation