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Pathobiologie des microRNA-Systems

Pathobiology of the microRNA system

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Zusammenfassung

MicroRNA sind ungefähr 22 Nukleotide kurze, nicht proteinkodierende RNA-Moleküle, die semikomplementär an mRNA binden und dadurch die Proteinexpression inhibitorisch modellieren können. Eine aberrante microRNA-Expression ist Teil der molekularpathologischen Schädigung vieler degenerativer, entzündlicher und neoplastischer Erkrankungen und kann auch virusassoziiert dereguliert sein. Neben der intrazellulären regulatorischen Funktion, können microRNA ebenso in Thrombozyten und Exosomen oder an extrazelluläre Proteinkomplexe gebunden im Blut zirkulieren. Künstliche microRNA-Analoga („small interference RNA/siRNA“) und Anti-microRNA (Antagomir) werden in der molekularpathologischen Forschung zur Untersuchung der microRNA/mRNA-Interaktion verwendet, sollen aber in Zukunft auch therapeutisch eingesetzt werden.

Abstract

MicroRNAs are approximately 22 nucleotides short, non-protein-coding RNA molecules, which bind semi-complementary to mRNA and have an inhibitory effect on protein expression. Aberrant microRNA expression is part of the molecular pathological damage in several degenerative, inflammatory and neoplastic diseases and deregulation can also be virus-associated. Apart from intracellular regulatory functions, microRNA in platelets and exosomes or bound to extracellular protein complexes can also circulate in the blood. Artificial microRNA analogues (small interference RNA/siRNA) and anti-microRNA (antagomir) are used in molecular pathological research of microRNA/mRNA interaction and it is thought that they will also be used as therapeutic agents in the future.

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Danksagung

Dank an meine Mentoren Prof. Hans Kreipe und insbesondere Prof. Oliver Bock, die mein Interesse an der Pathobiologie der microRNA sehr gefördert haben.

Interessenkonflikt

Der korrespondierende Autor gibt an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

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  1. Institut für Pathologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Deutschland

    K. Hussein

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Correspondence to K. Hussein.

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Hussein, K. Pathobiologie des microRNA-Systems. Pathologe 33, 70–78 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00292-011-1469-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00292-011-1469-4

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