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Responses in ileal and cecal bacteria to low and high amylose/amylopectin ratio diets in growing pigs

  • Applied microbial and cell physiology
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Abstract

Dietary starch that escapes digestion in the small intestine may serve as a carbon source for bacterial fermentation in the distal intestine. This study aimed to compare the bacterial community in the ileal and cecal digesta of growing pigs fed diets with low (0.14, LR pigs) and high (0.43, HR pigs) amylose/amylopectin ratio. Pyrosequencing based on MiSeq 2000 platform showed that in ileum digesta, Bacteroidetes of LR pigs was markedly higher than that in HR pigs (P < 0.05). Megasphaera and Prevotella were the two most predominant genera in LR pigs, and Prevotella was significantly higher in LR pigs than in HR pigs (P < 0.05). Prevotella was predominant in cecal samples from both LR and HR pigs, although no significant differences were found between the two groups. In the ileum, Megasphaera elsdenii and Mitsuokella multacida were significantly (P < 0.01) higher in LR pigs along with an increase of acetate and butyrate concentrations. Halomonas pacifica, Escherichia fergusonii, and Actinobacillus minor which belong to class Gammaproteobacteria were significantly lower (P < 0.01) in HR pigs with a significant increase (P < 0.01) of Lactobacillus acetotolerans-like bacteria. Therefore, the changed bacterial community may lead to a transformation of microbial function, such as the alteration of fermentation mode which is showed on the change of microbial metabolites like the concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), to a response to the switch of dietary composition, and in turn, to help host absorb and utilize nutrients efficiently. The increase of dietary amylose induced the reduction of conditioned pathogens which may probably be due to the increase of some probiotics such as Lactobacillus, thus reducing the risk of intestinal disease.

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Authors’ contributions

Yu-heng Luo conducted the research and wrote the paper, Can Yang conducted the animal trial, André-Denis G. Wright also helped to write and to revise the paper, Jun He and Dai-wen Chen designed the study. Dai-wen Chen had primary responsibility for the final content. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Funding

This study was funded by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (grant number 2013M542286) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number 31301987).

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Ethical approval

All applicable international, national, and/or institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China

    Yu-heng Luo, Can Yang, Jun He & Dai-wen Chen

  2. School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, 1117 E. Lowell Street, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA

    André-Denis G. Wright

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  1. Yu-heng Luo
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  2. Can Yang
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Correspondence to Dai-wen Chen.

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Luo, Yh., Yang, C., Wright, AD.G. et al. Responses in ileal and cecal bacteria to low and high amylose/amylopectin ratio diets in growing pigs. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 99, 10627–10638 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-015-6917-2

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