Abstract
This study was conducted to assess the effect of sevoflurane on lung resistance and compliance, and its responsiveness to histamine. We studied eight dogs to compare the effect of sevoflurane, isoflurane, enflurane, and halothane on bronchoconstriction caused by histamine. Baseline values of pulmonary resistance (RL) and dynamic pulmonary compliance (Cdyn) were measured prior to administration of histamine. Histamine (2, 4, and 8 μg · kg−1) were administered iv, and the values of RL and Cdyn at the time of peak effect were recorded. Under 1 or 2 MAC anaesthesia, sevoflurane as well as the other three anaesthetics had no bronchoactive effects. The four anaesthetics, including sevoflurane, demonstrated inhibitory effect on increases in RL and decreases in Cdyn caused by histamine. At 1 MAC anaesthesia, % changes in RL caused by 2, 4, or 8 μg · kg−1 of histamine were 38 ± 11, 85 ± 21, or 132 ± 24% (mean ± SE) for halothane, and 65 ± 11, 132 ± 15, or 172 ± 19% for sevoflurane, respectively. Sevoflurane was less effective than halothane in preventing increases in RL. In preventing decreases in Cdyn, sevoflurane was less effective than halothane only at 8 μg · kg−1 of histamine under 1 and 2 MAC anaesthesia. There was no difference in attenuating effect on changes in RL and Cdyn between sevoflurane and isoflurane or enflurane. We concluded that sevoflurane was less potent than halothane in attenuating changes in RL and Cdyn in response to iv histamine.
Résumé
Cette étude a été réalisée dans le but d’évaluer les effets du sévoflurane sur la résistance et la compliance pulmonaires en réponse à l’histamine. Les effets du sévoflurane, de l’isoflurane, de l’enflurane et de l’halothane sur la bronchoconstriction induite par l’histamine sont comparés sur huit chiens. Avant l’administration d’histamine, on mesure les valeurs initiales de la résistance (RL) et de la compliance dynamique (Cdyn) pulmonaires. L’histamine (2, 4, 8 μg · kg−1) est administrée par la voie veineuse et les valeurs maximales de la RL et de la Cdyn sont enregistrées. Les quatre anesthésiques, dont le sévoflurane inhibent l’augmentation de la RL et la diminution de la Cdyn provoquées par l’histamine. A MAC 1 d’anesthésie, les pourcentages de changement de RL produits par 2, 4, ou 8 μg · kg−1 d’histamine sont respectivement de 38 ± 11, 85 ± 21, ou 132 ± 24% (moyenne + SD) pour l’halothane, et de 65 ± 11, 132 ± 15, ou 172 ± 19% pour le sévoflurane. Le sévoflurane est moins efficace que l’halothane pour prévenir les augmentations de RL. Le sévoflurane est moins efficace pour prevenir la diminution de Cdyn mais seulement à 8 μg · kg−1 d’histamine sous anesthésie à MAC 1 et 2. Le sévoflurane, l’halothane et l’isoflurane ne sont pas de différents pour amortir les changements de RL et Cdyn. Nous concluons que le sévoflurane est moins puissant que l’halothane pour diminuer la réponse à l’histamine de la RL et de la Cdyn.
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Katoh, T., Ikeda, K. A comparison of sevoflurane with halothane, enflurane, and isoflurane on bronchoconstriction caused by histamine. Can J Anaesth 41, 1214–1219 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03020665
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03020665