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Morphology of the middle rectal arteries

A study of 30 cadaveric dissections

Morphologie des artères rectales moyennes

Etude de 30 dissections

  • Anatomical Bases of Medical, Radiological and Surgical Techniques
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Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

The middle rectal arteries were studied in 30 cadavers of adult and older individuals (29 Caucasians and one Negro)_of both sexes (15 males and 15 females). The middle rectal artery was present in 56.7% of the cases, bilaterally (36.7%) or unilaterally (20%), originating from the internal pudendal (40%), inferior gluteal (26.7%), internal iliac (16.8%), and less frequently from other pelvic branches. The average external diameter of the middle rectal artery was found to be 1.7 mm, its average length about 7 cm, and the point of penetration in the rectal wall about 6 cm (average) superior to the anus. The most frequent sites of the rectal wall pierced by the middle rectal arteries were the anterior (50% of the cases) and posterior (45%) quadrants of the rectum, whether isolated or combined (43.3%). These anatomical features justify, when needed and possible, the preservation of the middle rectal artery in surgical interventions on related organs. The term middle rectal arteries in Nomina Anatomica should be changed to inferior rectal arteries and indented under internal pudendal artery; the current term inferior rectal arteries should be changed to anal arteries to follow the already adopted division of the terminal intestine into rectum and anal canal.

Résumé

L'étude des artères rectales moyennes porte sur 30 cadavres de sujets adultes (29 blancs, 1 noir) des deux sexes (15 hommes, 15 femmes). Les artères rectales moyennes sont retrouvées dans 56,7% des cas, bilatérales (36,7%) ou unilatérales (20%). Leur origine se situe au niveau de l'artère honteuse interne (40%), de l'artère glutéale caudale (26,7%), de l'artère iliaque interne (16,8%) et plus rarement des autres branches pelviennes. Leur calibre extérieur mouen est de 1,7 mm, pour une longueur de 7 cm, et un point de pénétration sur la paroi rectale, à une distance de 6 cm de l'anus. La pénétration artérielle se situe au niveau des parois antérieure (50%) ou postérieure (45%) du rectum, isolément ou conjointement (43,3%). Ces données anatomiques justifient la conservation des artères rectales moyennes dans la chirurgie colorectale dans la mesure du possible. Le terme d'artères rectales moyennes, dans la nomenclature anatomique, devrait être modifié au profit de celui d'artères rectales inférieures issues de l'artère honteuse interne. De même, le terme d'artères anales devrait être substitué à celui, classique, d'artères rectales inférieures, pour être en accord avec la division de l'intestin terminal en rectum et canal anal.

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DiDio, L., Diaz-Franco, C., Schemainda, R. et al. Morphology of the middle rectal arteries. Surg Radiol Anat 8, 229–236 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02425072

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