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Kinematic analysis of mobile-bearing and fixed-bearing knee prostheses by simulation

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Abstract

The object of the study was to model fixed-bearing knee prostheses (FBKs) and mobile-bearing knee prostheses (MBKs) during weight-bearing deep knee bends and to analyse and compare the kinematics of the two prosthesis types. To obtain quantitative data, an overall model of a leg was constructed, and this included a three-dimensional model of the tibiofemoral joint and simplified twodimensional models of the ankle and patellofemoral joint. The simulated movement pattern of the tibiofemoral contact point in the FBK was analysed to show the posterior contact position on the tibia at full extension and anterior translation as the knee was flexed from 30° to 90°. The simulated maximum displacements of the medial and lateral contact positions of the FBK were 5.6 and 6.2 mm, respectively. These results were almost in agreement with experimental studies. Compared with the FBK, the movement pattern of the tibiofemoral contact point in the MBK for the anterior contact position on the tibia at full extension and posterior translation, with respect to the tibia as the knee was flexed, gave results closer to those of the normal knee. The simulated displacements of the medial and lateral contact positions of the MBK with respect to the tibia were 9.0 and 13.0 mm from full extension to 90° flexion, respectively. The difference in the kinematic results between the FBK and the MBK could be accounted for by movement of the insert and the larger force of the posterior cruciate ligament on the MBK.

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Abbreviations

θ:

knee flexion angle

θ a :

ankle angle

F1 :

joint reaction force at ankle joint

α:

angle ofF 1 with respect to vertical

F 3 :

force of soleus

La 3 :

moment arm length of soleus

F g :

force of gastrocnemius

La g :

moment arm length of gastrocnemius at ankle joint

Lk g :

moment arm length of gastrocnemius at knee joint

F r :

ground reaction force

R r :

horizontal distance between ankle joint and centre of pressure

a :

position of patella apex with respect to femoral coordinate system

b :

position of patella basis with respect to femoral coordinate system

PA :

length of patella

PL :

length of patellar tendon

c p :

patellofemoral contact position of patella

c t :

patellofemoral contact position of femur

T pf :

rotation matrix that relates patellar system to femoral system

n p :

unit normal vector atc p

n f :

unit normal vector atc f

F q :

force of quadriceps femoris

q :

origin position of quadriceps femoris

F c :

patellofemoral contact force

F 2 :

force of patellar tendon

A :

femoral origin with respect to tibial co-ordinate system

c i :

tibiofemoral contact position of femur (i=1,2)

C i :

tibiofemoral contact position of tibia (i=1,2)

T ft :

rotation matrix that relates femoral system to tibial system

n i :

unit normal vector atc i (i=1,2)

N i :

unit normal vector atC i (i=1,2)

Fl j :

force of ligament (j=1,2,3)

Fc i :

tibiofemoral contact force (i=1,2)

V j :

position of tibial insertion of ligament (j=1,2,3)

W k :

tibial position on which force exerts (k=1,2,3)

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Science & Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Japan

    K. Higashijima & H. Minamitani

  2. Institute of Biomaterials & Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical & Dental University, Tokyo, Japan

    A. Ishida & Y. Fukuoka

  3. Kawaguchi Kohgyo General Hospital, Kawaguchi, Japan

    A. Hoshino

Authors
  1. K. Higashijima
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  2. A. Ishida
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  3. Y. Fukuoka
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  4. A. Hoshino
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  5. H. Minamitani
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Correspondence to A. Ishida.

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Higashijima, K., Ishida, A., Fukuoka, Y. et al. Kinematic analysis of mobile-bearing and fixed-bearing knee prostheses by simulation. Med. Biol. Eng. Comput. 40, 22–28 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02347691

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