Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Epidemiology, pathogenesis and diagnosis of calcium oxalate urolithiasis

  • Published:
International Urology and Nephrology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In the German Federal Republic, the incidence of urolithiasis is 0.54% and the prevalence is 4%. Calcium oxalate stones are to be expected in over 60% of the cases. Pathogenetic factors are discussed. It is demonstrated that the overconsumption of chocolate, rhubarb and spinach brings about risk situations for stone formation, while asparagus and tomatoes present no risk. The increased animal protein and alcohol intake may be the most important reasons for the accumulations of calcium oxalate stones. Beside the minimum investigation programme it is demon trated by examples that recurrent stone formers need an extended investigation to find out more about the pathogenesis, in order to determine an effective treatment or to prevent recurrences.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Asper, R.: Discussion remark.Fortschr. Urol. Nephrol., 14, 433 (1979).

    Google Scholar 

  2. Bastian, H.-P., Gebhardt, M. A. H.: Einige statistische Ergebnisse von 11,000 Harnsteinanalysen mittels Röntgendiffraktion. Harnsteinsymposium, Bonn 1981.

  3. Butz, M.: Discussion remark.Fortschr. Urol. Nephrol., 14, 433 (1979).

    Google Scholar 

  4. Coe, F. L.: Calcium oxalate crystallisation initiated with monosodium urate.Clin. Res., 20, 589 (1972).

    Google Scholar 

  5. Costello, F.: The effect of ascorbic acid on oxalate metabolism. In: G. A. Rose, W. G. Robertson, R. W. E. Watts (eds): Oxalate in Human Biochemistry and Clinical Pathology. Proc. Oxalate Workshop, Wellcome Foundation, London 1979.

  6. Hagmeier, V.: Discussion.Fortschr. Urol. Nephrol., 14, 433 (1979).

    Google Scholar 

  7. Hesse, A., Bach, D., Vahlensieck, W.: Epidemiologic survey on urolithiasis in the German Federal Republic. In.: G. Brockis, B. Finlayson (eds): Urinary Calculus. PSG Publ. Co., Littleton, Mass. 1981.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Ljunghall, S., Backman, U., Danielson, B. G., Johansson, G., Wikström, B.: Epidemiology of renal stones in Sweden. In: J. G. Brockis, B. Finlayson (eds): Urinary Calculus. PSG Publ. Co., Littleton, Mass. 1981.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Nancollas, G. H. (ed.): Biological Mineralisation and Demineralisation. Springer, Berlin-Heidelberg-New York 1982.

    Google Scholar 

  10. O'Regan, P. F. B., Constable, A. R., Harrison, A. R., Joekes, A. M., Kasidas, G. P., Rose, G. A.: The management of the primary hyperoxaluric patient. In: G. A. Rose, W. G. Robertson, R. W. E. Watts (eds): Oxalate in Human Biochemistry and Clinical Pathology. Proc. Oxalate Workshop, Wellcome Foundation, London 1979.

  11. Pak, C. Y. C., Arnold, L. H.: Heterogeneous nucleation of calcium oxalate by seeds of monosodium urate.Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med., 149, 930 (1975).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Robertson, W. G., Knowles, F., Peacock, M.: Urinary acid mucopolysaccharide inhibitors of calcium oxalate crystallisation. In: H. Fleisch, W. G. Robertson, L. H. Smith, W. Vahlensieck (eds): Urolithiasis Research. Plenum Press, New York-London 1976.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Robertson, W. G., Peacock, M., Heyburn, P. J., Marshall, R. W., Williams, R. E., Clark, P. B.: The significance of mild hyperoxaluria in calcium stone-formation. In: G. A. Rose, W. G. Robertson, R. W. E. Watts (eds): Oxalate in Human Biochemistry and Clinical Pathology. Proc. Oxalate Workshop, Wellcome Foundation, London 1979.

  14. Robertson, W. G., Peacock, M., Quimet, D., Heyburn, P. J., Rutherford, A.: The main risk factor for calcium oxalate stone disease in man: Hypercalciuria or mild hyperoxaluria? In: L. H. Smith, W. G. Robertson, B. Finlayson (eds): Urolithiasis-Clinical and Basic Research. Plenum Press, New York-London 1981.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Scott, R., Mathieson, A., McLelland, A.: The reduction in stone recurrence and oxalate excretion by allopurinol. In: G. A. Rose, W. G. Robertson, R. W. E. Watts (eds): Oxalate in Human Biochemistry and Clinical Pathology. Proc. Oxalate Workshop, Wellcome Foundation, London 1979.

  16. Scott, R., Freeland, R., Mowat, W., Paterson, P. J., Orr, P. S., Yates, A. J., Mills, E. A.: The prevalence of renal stones in a random population and a volunteer population. In: G. Brockis, B. Finlayson (eds): Urinary Calculus. PSG Publ. Co., Littleton, Mass. 1981.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Smith, L. H., Werness, P. G., Wilson, D. M.: Enteric hyperoxaluria: Associated metabolic abnormalities that promote renal calculi. In: Human Biochemistry and Clinical Pathology. Proc. Oxalate Workshop, Wellcome Foundation, London 1979.

  18. Strenge, A.: Einfluss der Ernährung auf lithogene und inhibitorische Substanzen. Inaug. Diss., Bonn 1982.

  19. Vahlensieck, W.: Einfluss der Ernährung auf lithogene Substanzen im Serum und Urin. Report XVIIIth Congr. Soc. Int. Urol., Vol. II, p. 72 Paris 1979.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Vahlensieck, W.: Allgemeine Kausal- und Formalgenese. In: W. Vahlensieck (ed.): Urolithiasis, Vol. 1. Springer, Berlin-Heidelberg-New York 1979.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Vahlensieck, W.: Epidemiologie und Pathogenese des Harnsteinleidens.Dtsch. Med. Wochenschr., 105, 799 (1980).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Vahlensick, W., Hesse, A., Bach, D.: Zur Prävalenz des Harnsteinleidens in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland.Urologe [B],20, 273 (1980).

    Google Scholar 

  23. Vahlensieck, W., Bach, D., Hesse, A., Schneeberger, W.: Metabolic investigation in 407 recurrent stone-formers and healthy controls on condition of individual as well as standard diet. In: L. H. Smith, W. G. Robertson, B. Finlayson: Urolithiasis. Plenum Press, New York-London 1981.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Vahlensieck, W., Hesse, A., Bach, D.: Inzidenz, Prävalenz und Mortalität des Harnsteinleidens in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland.Fortschr. Urol. Nephrol., 17, 1 (1982).

    Google Scholar 

  25. Ziegler, E.: Epidemiologie des Alkoholismus. In: R. Teschke, C. S. Lieber (eds): Alkohol und Organschäden, Witzstrock, Baden-Baden 1981, pp. 11–18.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Zollinger, H. U.: Nieren und ableitende Harnwege. In: W. Doerr, E. Uehlinger (eds): Spezielle pathologische Anatomie. Vol. 3. Springer, Berlin-Heidelberg-New York 1966.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology, University Hospital Bonn, FRG

    E. W. Vahlensieck, D. Bach, A. Hesse & A. Strenge

Authors
  1. E. W. Vahlensieck
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. D. Bach
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. A. Hesse
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. A. Strenge
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Additional information

Dedicated to Prof. Dr. Med. Sc. A. Babics, Budapest, on the occasion of his 80th birthday.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Vahlensieck, E.W., Bach, D., Hesse, A. et al. Epidemiology, pathogenesis and diagnosis of calcium oxalate urolithiasis. International Urology and Nephrology 14, 333–347 (1982). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02081972

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02081972

Keywords

Search

Navigation