Summary
Salmonella typhimurium strains resistant to most β-lactams, co-trimoxazole, tobramycin and gentamicin were isolated from patients in two hospitals in Buenos Aires, Argentina, beginning in August 1990. The patients were suffering from meningitis, septicaemia or enteritis. Therapy including ampicillin, ceftriaxone and gentamicin failed. The strains produced a plasmidic (pMVP-4) extended broad-spectrum β-lactamase which is more active against cefotaxime than against ceftazidime (Vmax for cefotaxime 350 times higher than for ceftazidime). This cefotaximase demonstrates similarity to the previously described CTX-ase-M-1 fromEscherichia coli, but it is distinctly different from CTX-ase-M-1 by its isoelectric point (7.9 for CTX-ase-M-2 in comparison with 8.9 for CTX-ase-M-1) as well as in its lower susceptibility to the β-lactamase inhibitors sulbactam, clavulanic acid, tazobactam and BRL 42715. Thus, the β-lactamase produced byS. typhimurium strains from Argentina appears to represent a new member (CTX-ase-M-2) of a novel group of plasmidic extended broad-spectrum β-lactamases designated as cefotaximases.
Zusammenfassung
In zwei Hospitälern in Buenos Aires, Argentinien, wurden von August 1990 anSalmonella typhimurium-Stämme mit Resistenz gegenüber den meisten β-Laktamantibiotika, Co-trimoxazol sowie Tobramycin und Gentamicin isoliert. Klinische Diagnosen bei diesen Patienten waren Meningitis, Sepsis oder Enteritis. Antibiotische Therapie mit Ampicillin, Ceftriaxon und Gentamicin blieb erfolglos. DieS. typhimurium-Stämme produzieren eine plasmidische (Plasmid pMVP-4) β-Laktamase mit erweitertem Breitspektrum (EBS-β-Lactamase), welche gegenüber Cefotaxim deutlich aktiver ist als gegenüber Ceftazidim (Vmax für Cefotaxim 350 mal größer als für Ceftazidim). Diese Cefotaximase ist verwandt mit der Cefotaximase ausEscherichia coli (CTX-M-1), von der sie sich jedoch im isoelektrischen Punkt (7,9 bei der CTX- ase-M-2 gegenüber 8,9 bei der CTX-ase-M-1) sowie in ihrer Hemmbarkeit durch Sulbactam, Clavulansäure, Tazobactam und BRL 42715 eindeutig unterscheidet. Die beiS. typhimurium-Stämmen in Argentinien gefundene neue β-Laktamase wird als zweites Enzym einer neuen Gruppe von β-Laktamasen mit erweitertem Breitspektrum vom Cefotaximase-Typ betrachtet.
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Bauernfeind, A., Holley, M., Jungwirth, R. et al. A new plasmidic cefotaximase from patients infected withSalmonella typhimurium . Infection 20, 158–163 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01704610
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01704610