Summary
Studies of serum proteins and protein-bound carbohydrates were carried out on twenty-one diabetics without proteinuria and twenty controls. The diabetics had depression of serum total protein and albumin levels, and elevation of levels of all four types of protein-bound carbohydrate. The degree of elevation was greatest for fucose and least for sialic acid. When the diabetic group was divided into patients with and without evidence of retinopathy or neuropathy, the only significant difference found was an increase of alpha 2-globulin in diabetics with these sequelae. Alpha 2-globulin levels were found to be correlated with both fasting plasma glucose and duration of diabetes. Alpha 2-macroglobulin levels were elevated equally in diabetics with and without sequelae, and appeared related to atherosclerosis rather than to diabetes mellitus. Although disorders other than diabetes increase the magnitude of protein-bound carbohydrate elevation seen, their presence or absence has little influence on the fucose-dominated pattern of elevation found.
Résumé
L'auteur a étudié les protéines sériques et les hydrates de carbone liés aux protéines chez 21 diabétiques sans albuminurie et chez 20 sujets témoins. Il a observé un abaissement du taux des protéines et albumines sériques et une élévation du taux des quatre types d'hydrates de carbone liés aux protéines. Le taux le plus élevé fut observé pour le fucose, et le moins élevé pour l'acide sialique. Si le groupe des diabétiques est divisé entre sujets avec ou sans rétinopathie ou neuropathie, la seule différence notable fut une élévation de la globuline alpha-2 chez les diabétiques présentant ces complications. Les taux de la globuline alpha-2 furent en rapport avec le niveau du glucose plasmatique à jeun, ainsi qu avec la durée du diabète. Les taux de macroglobuline alpha-2 présentèrent une élévation semblable chez les sujets avec ou sans complications, et parurent en rapport avec l'athérosclérose plutôt qu'avec le diabète. Bien que d'autres états non diabétiques augmentent le degré d'élévation des hydrates de carbone liés aux protéines, leur présence ou absence a peu d'influence sur le caractère de l'élévation où le fucose prédomine.
Zusammenfassung
Die Serumspiegel von Proteinen und an Proteine gebundene Kohlenhydrate wurden bei einundzwanzig Diabetikern ohne Proteinurie und zwanzig Kontrollen ermittelt. Die Diabetiker hatten niedrige Werte für Gesamt-Protein und Albumin, erhöhte Werte für alle vier Typen der Protein-gebundenen Kohlenhydrate. Der Fucose-Spiegel war am meisten, der Acetylneuraminsäure-Spiegel am wenigsten erhöht. Nach Unterteilung der Diabetiker in solche mit oder ohne Nebenerscheinungen von Retinopathie und Neuropathie wurde bei den ersteren eine Erhöhung des Alpha 2-Globulin-Spiegels als einziger signifikanter Unterschied festgestellt. Der Serumspiegel des Alpha 2-Globulins stand in Wechselbeziehung mit dem Blutzuckerspiegel und der Dauer des Diabetes. Die Serumspiegel der Alpha 2-Makroglobuline waren erhöht bei den Diabetikern mit oder ohne Nebenerscheinungen; diese Erhöhungen waren anscheinend mehr von der Atherosklerose als vom Diabetes mellitus abhängig. Während die Nebenkrankheiten des Diabetes das Ausmaß der Erhöhung des Serumspiegels von Protein-gebundenen Kohlenhydraten beeinflußten, blieb die dominierende Erhöhung der Fucose unverändert.
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Some of the material reported here was initially published in abstract form in Clinical Research 16, 129, 1968.
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McMillan, D.E. Changes in serum proteins and protein-bound carbohydrates in diabetes mellitus. Diabetologia 6, 597–604 (1970). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00418228
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00418228