Summary
In respiratory acidosis [HCO −3 ] in the extracellular fluid regularly increased and [Cl−] decreased. The ratio of these changes closely approached 1. It is concluded that [HCO −3 ] in the extracellular fluid of the brain in respiratory acidosis increases because CO2 reacts with the intracellular buffers and HCO −3 exchanges from the intracellular to the extracellular phase in a 1:1 exchange against Cl− similarly as in the HCO −3 -Cl−-shift between blood plasma and erythrocytes. The exchange is assumed to occur between glia cells and the extracellular fluid of the brain. All or the major part of the exchange takes place in less than the wash-in time of CO2 which is limited by the local circulation. Acetazolamide prolonged and SITS diminished the time constants of pH, pCO2 and Cl−.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Ahmad HR, Berndt J, Loeschcke HH (1976) Bicarbonate exchange between blood, brain extra-cellular fluid and brain cells at maintaned pCO2. In: Acid base homeostasis of the brain extracellular fluid and the respiratory control system. Thieme, Stuttgart, pp 19–27
Ahmad HR, Loeschcke HH, Woidtke HH (1978) Three compartments model for the bicarbonate exchange of the brain extracellular fluid with blood and cells. In: Fitzgerald RS, Gautier H, Lahiri S (eds) Regulation of respiration during sleep and anaesthesia. Plenum Press, New York, pp 195–209
Dermietzel R (1976) Central chemosensitivity, morphological studies. In: Acid base homeostasis of the brain extracellular fluid and the respiratory control system. Thieme, Stuttgart, pp 52–65
Giacobini E (1962) A cytochemical study of the localization of carbonic anhydrase in the nervous system. J Neurochem 9: 169–177
Granholm L, Pontén, U (1969) The in vivo CO2 buffer curve of the intracellular space of cat cerebral cortex. Acta Neurol Scand 45: 493–501
Katzman R, Graziani L, Ginsburg S (1968) Cation exchange in blood, brain and CSF. In: Lajtha A, Ford DH (eds) Brain barrier systems, vol 29, Progress in brain research. Elsevier Publ Comp, Amsterdam London New York, pp 283–294
Kazemi H, Weyne J, van Leuven F, Leusen I (1976) The CSF HCO3 increase in hypercapnia relationship to HCO3, glutamate, glutamine and NH3 in brain. Respir Physiol 28: 387–401
Koch A, Ranck JB Jr, Newman BL (1962) Ionic content of neuroglia. Exp Neurol 6: 186–200
Kuffler SW, Nichols JG (1966) The physiology of neuroglial cells. Ergebn Physiol 57: 1–90
Leusen I (1972) Regulation of CSF composition with reference to breathing. Physiol Rev 52: 1–56
Leusen I, Weyne J (1972) Aspects of the regulation of the acid-base status in CSF and brain. Bull Physiopathol Respir 9: 635–646
Loeschcke HH, Sugioka K (1969) PH of cerebrospinal fluid in the cisterna magna and on the surface of the choroid plexus of the 4th ventricle and its effect on ventilation in experimental disturbances of acid-base balance. Transients and steady states. Pflügers Arch 312: 161–188
Luttmann A, Mückenhoff K, Loeschcke HH (1978) Fast measurement of the CO2 partial pressure in gases and fluids. Pflügers Arch 375: 279–288
Maren TH (1967) Carbonic anhydrase: chemistry, physiology and inhibition. Physiol Rev 47: 595–781
Marmont G (1949) Studies on the axon membrane. J Cell Comp Physiol 34: 351–382
McIlwain H, Bachelard HS (1971) Biochemistry and the central nervous system. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh London
Nattie EE, Romer L (1978) The role of chloride and other anions in cerebrospinal fluid bicarbonate regulation. In: Fitzgerald RS, Gautier H, Lahiri S (eds) The regulation of respiration during sleep and anaesthesia. Plenum Press, New York, pp 211–218
Pannier JL, Weyne J, Leusen I (1971) The CSF/blood potential and the regulation of the bicarbonate concentration of CSF during acidosis in the cat. Life Sci 10: 287–300
Pappenheimer JR (1967) The ionic composition of cerebral extracellular fluid and its relation to control of breathing. Harvey Lect 61: 71–94
Severinghaus JW (1965) Electrochemical gradients for hydrogen and bicarbonate ion across the blood-CSF barrier in response to acidbase balance changes. In: Brooks Ch McC, Kao FF, Lloyd BB (eds) Cerebrospinal fluid and the regulation of ventilation. Blackwell Sci Publ, Oxford, pp 247–258
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1980 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Loeschcke, H.H., Ahmad, H.R. (1980). Transients and Steady State of Chloride-Bicarbonate Relationships of Brain Extra-Cellular Fluid. In: Bauer, C., Gros, G., Bartels, H. (eds) Biophysics and Physiology of Carbon Dioxide. Proceedings in Life Sciences. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-67572-0_51
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-67572-0_51
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-67574-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-67572-0
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive