Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells represent a subpopulation of lymphocytes involved in innate immunity, defined recently as group 1 of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs). NK cells are cytotoxic lymphocytes with a relevant role in the destruction of transformed cells as virus-infected or tumor cells, as well as the regulation of the immune response through cytokine and chemokine production that activates other cellular components of innate and adaptive immunity. In humans, NK cell subsets have been defined according to the level of expression of CD56. Aging differentially affects NK cell subsets and NK cell function. Here, we describe protocols for the delineation of NK cell subsets and the analysis of their functional capacity using multiparametric flow cytometry.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Cooper MA, Fehniger TA, Caligiuri MA (2001) The biology of human natural killer-cell subsets. Trends Immunol 22:633–640
Poli A, Michel T, Theresine M, Andres E, Hentges F, Zimmer J (2009) CD56bright natural killer (NK) cells: an important NK cell subset. Immunology 126:458–465
Romagnani C, Juelke K, Falco M, Morandi B, D’Agostino A, Costa R, Ratto G, Forte G, Carrega P, Lui G, Conte R, Strowig T, Moretta A, Munz C, Thiel A, Moretta L, Ferlazzo G (2007) CD56bright. J Immunol 178:4947–4955
Chan A, Hong DL, Atzberger A, Kollnberger S, Filer AD, Buckley CD, McMichael A, Enver T, Bowness P (2007) CD56bright human NK cells differentiate into CD56dim cells: role of contact with peripheral fibroblasts. J Immunol 179:89–94
Gayoso I, Sanchez-Correa B, Campos C, Alonso C, Pera A, Casado JG, Morgado S, Tarazona R, Solana R (2011) Immunosenescence of human natural killer cells. J Innate Immun 3:337–343
Solana R, Tarazona R, Gayoso I, Lesur O, Dupuis G, Fulop T (2012) Innate immunosenescence: effect of aging on cells and receptors of the innate immune system in humans. Semin Immunol 24:331–341
Solana R, Pawelec G, Tarazona R (2006) Aging and innate immunity. Immunity 24:491–494
Bjorkstrom NK, Riese P, Heuts F, Andersson S, Fauriat C, Ivarsson MA, Bjorklund AT, Flodstrom-Tullberg M, Michaelsson J, Rottenberg ME, Guzman CA, Ljunggren HG, Malmberg KJ (2010) Expression patterns of NKG2A, KIR, and CD57 define a process of CD56dim NK-cell differentiation uncoupled from NK-cell education. Blood 116:3853–3864
Lopez-Verges S, Milush JM, Pandey S, York VA, Arakawa-Hoyt J, Pircher H, Norris PJ, Nixon DF, Lanier LL (2010) CD57 defines a functionally distinct population of mature NK cells in the human CD56dimCD16+ NK-cell subset. Blood 116:3865–3874
Fauriat C, Just-Landi S, Mallet F, Arnoulet C, Sainty D, Olive D, Costello RT (2007) Deficient expression of NCR in NK cells from acute myeloid leukemia: evolution during leukemia treatment and impact of leukemia cells in NCRdull phenotype induction. Blood 109:323–330
Sanchez-Correa B, Gayoso I, Bergua JM, Casado JG, Morgado S, Solana R, Tarazona R (2012) Decreased expression of DNAM-1 on NK cells from acute myeloid leukemia patients. Immunol Cell Biol 90:109–115
Sanchez-Correa B, Morgado S, Gayoso I, Bergua JM, Casado JG, Arcos MJ, Bengochea ML, Duran E, Solana R, Tarazona R (2011) Human NK cells in acute myeloid leukaemia patients: analysis of NK cell-activating receptors and their ligands. Cancer Immunol Immunother 60:1195–1205
de Andrade LF, Smyth MJ, Martinet L (2014) DNAM-1 control of natural killer cells functions through nectin and nectin-like proteins. Immunol Cell Biol 92:237–244
Alter G, Malenfant JM, Altfeld M (2004) CD107a as a functional marker for the identification of natural killer cell activity. J Immunol Methods 294:15–22
Lahm HW, Stein S (1985) Characterization of recombinant human interleukin-2 with micromethods. J Chromatogr 326:357–361
Acknowledgement
This work was supported by grants PS09/00723 and PI13/02691 (to R.S.) from the Spanish Ministry of Health, SAF2009-09711 and SAF2013-46161-R (to R.T.) from the Ministry of Science and Innovation of Spain and, PRI09A029 and grants to INPATT research group from the Junta de Extremadura (GRU10104) and from the University of Extremadura (to R.T.) and grants from the Junta de Andalucia (to R.S.) cofinanced by the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER). The following reagent was obtained through the AIDS Reagent Program, Division of AIDS, NIAID, NIH: (human rIL-2) from Dr. Maurice Gately, Hoffmann–La Roche Inc.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Tarazona, R., Campos, C., Pera, A., Sanchez-Correa, B., Solana, R. (2015). Flow Cytometry Analysis of NK Cell Phenotype and Function in Aging. In: Shaw, A. (eds) Immunosenescence. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1343. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2963-4_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2963-4_2
Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-2962-7
Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-2963-4
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols