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Repo-Man at the Intersection of Chromatin Remodelling, DNA Repair, Nuclear Envelope Organization, and Cancer Progression

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Cancer Biology and the Nuclear Envelope

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 773))

Abstract

Nuclear structure and chromatin changes are very useful biomarkers in cancer diagnosis. Despite this, their biological significance and relevance to cancer progression are still not well understood. The identification of new proteins that link the nuclear envelope to chromatin organization and the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying these connections have begun to provide some important clues. This review discusses the role of the nuclear protein Repo-Man (CDCA2) in the maintenance of genome stability. Repo-Man (CDCA2) is a targeting subunit for the protein phosphatase 1 involved in the dephosphorylation of histone H3 during mitotic exit. In this role, it is important for the chromatin organization in post-mitotic nuclei. Repo-Man (CDCA2) is also essential for proper nuclear envelope reformation and the regulation of DNA damage responses. The relevance of this complex for cancer biology is also corroborated by emerging evidence that provides a correlation between Repo-Man (CDCA2) expression levels and cancer progression; several studies now suggest that Repo-Man (CDCA2) represents a very strong prognostic marker for poor patient survival.

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Abbreviations

CDCA2:

Cell division cycle associated 2

CPC:

Chromosomal passenger complex

Cisplatin:

Cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II)

DDR:

DNA damage response

FRAP:

Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching

MT:

Microtubule

OSCC:

Oral squamous cell carcinoma

PP1:

Protein phosphatase 1

Repo-Man:

Recruits PP1 onto mitotic chromatin at anaphase

RCA:

Regulator of chromatin architecture

SS:

Synovial sarcoma

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Biosciences, Brunel University, London, UB83PH, UK

    Paola Vagnarelli

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  1. Paola Vagnarelli
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Correspondence to Paola Vagnarelli .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Edinburgh Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

    Eric C. Schirmer

  2. University of Edinburgh Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

    Jose I. de las Heras

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Vagnarelli, P. (2014). Repo-Man at the Intersection of Chromatin Remodelling, DNA Repair, Nuclear Envelope Organization, and Cancer Progression. In: Schirmer, E., de las Heras, J. (eds) Cancer Biology and the Nuclear Envelope. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 773. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-8032-8_18

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