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Human–Animal Interface: The Case for Influenza Interspecies Transmission

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Emerging and Re-emerging Viral Infections

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AMIDPH,volume 972))

Abstract

Since the 1990s, the threat of influenza viruses to veterinary and human public health has increased. This coincides with the larger global populations of poultry, pigs, and people and with changing ecological factors. These factors include the redistribution of the human population to cities, rapid mass transportation of people and infectious agents, increased global land use, climate change, and possible changes in viral ecology that perpetuate highly pathogenic influenza viruses in the aquatic bird reservoir. The emergence of H5N1, H7N9, and H9N2 subtypes of influenza A virus and the increased genetic exchange among influenza viruses in wild aquatic birds, domestic poultry, swine, and humans pose a continuing threat to humanity. Here we consider the fundamental and practical knowledge of influenza A viruses at the human–animal interfaces to facilitate the development of novel control strategies and modified agricultural practices that will reduce or prevent interspecies transmission.

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Acknowledgements

This work was funded, in part, by Contract No. HHSN272201400006C from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, U.S. National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, the American Lebanese Syrian Associated Charities ALSAC, and by Contract No. RF-2010-2318269 from the Ministry of Health, Italy. We wish to thank James Knowles for manuscript preparation and Angela McArthur for scientific editing.

Conflict of Interest Statement

All authors declare that they have no competing interests to report.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy

    Isabella Donatelli & Maria R. Castrucci

  2. Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale (ISPRA), Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy

    Maria A. De Marco

  3. Wildlife and exotics animal service (SeFSE), Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy

    Mauro Delogu

  4. Division of Virology, Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA

    Robert G. Webster

Authors
  1. Isabella Donatelli
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  2. Maria R. Castrucci
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  3. Maria A. De Marco
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  4. Mauro Delogu
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  5. Robert G. Webster
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Isabella Donatelli .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Istituto Superiore di Sanità IRCCS, Roma, Italy

    Giovanni Rezza

  2. IRCCS, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Roma, Italy

    Giuseppe Ippolito

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© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

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Donatelli, I., Castrucci, M.R., De Marco, M.A., Delogu, M., Webster, R.G. (2016). Human–Animal Interface: The Case for Influenza Interspecies Transmission. In: Rezza, G., Ippolito, G. (eds) Emerging and Re-emerging Viral Infections. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology(), vol 972. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/5584_2016_136

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