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Developmental Expression and Possible Roles of Gangliosides in Brain Development

  • Chapter
Guidance Cues in the Developing Brain

Part of the book series: Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology ((PMSB,volume 32))

Abstract

Gangliosides are sialic acid containing glycosphingolipids structurally defined as hematosides, lacto-, neolacto-, globo-, and ganglio-series gangliosides (Ledeen 1978; Ledeen and Yu 1982; Wiegandt 1982, 1995; Yu 1994). Up to date, about 100 different ganglioside structures have been identified in neuronal and extraneural tissues (Yu 1994). Ganglio-sides are principle membrane constituents of vertebrate cells, synthesized by step-wise addition of carbohydrate moieties to ceramide during its transfer from the ER through the cis-and trans-Golgi compartments (for review see Tettamanti et al. 1987) and degraded via lysosomal pathways (Sandhoff et al. 1987). Their functional significance is still obscure. However, numerous experimental data suggest that apart from their basic function as structural membrane components per se, these glycolipids play an important role in signal transduction (Hakomori 1981) including cell/cell (Schnaar et al. 1998) and cell/extracellular matrix interactions (Cheresh et al. 1986). Three modes of action whereby gangliosides and their degradation products affect signal transduction have been proposed: (1) modulation of growth factor/hormone and integrin receptors, (2) modulation of cell cycle and proliferation by ganglioside derivatives, and (3) induction of signalling, together with transducer molecules by gangliosides organized in membrane microdomains (Kojima and Hakomori 1991; Hakomori et al. 1998; Probstmeier and Pesheva 1999; Prinetti et al. 2000).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Zoology, University of Hohenheim-Stuttgart, Garbenstr. 30, Stuttgart, 70593, Germany

    H. Rösner

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  1. H. Rösner
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  1. Croatian Institute for Brain Research School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Šalata 12, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia

    Ivica Kostović

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© 2003 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Rösner, H. (2003). Developmental Expression and Possible Roles of Gangliosides in Brain Development. In: Kostović, I. (eds) Guidance Cues in the Developing Brain. Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology, vol 32. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55557-2_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55557-2_3

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-62426-1

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