Abstract
The density of nurses and doctors, although varying widely across countries, are correlated, suggesting that high density of medical workers is likely to go together with a high density of nurses (◉ Fig. 6.1).
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Notes
- 1.
Health professional with qualification level between doctor and nurse, mostly working in primary care and rural areas. This profession is also found in other previous soviet-bloc countries.
- 2.
This is a Canadian professional name. In other countries they could be called licensed practice nurse or by other, similar names.
- 3.
One should be weary though, about continuance of this growth. Especially in Europe, economic circumstances are changing rapidly with possible consequences for further growth of internationalization of (medical) education.
- 4.
As, increasingly, the United States’ population is also Spanish speaking due to past and recent immigration, there are few language barriers. Moreover, it may provide lesser resourced students the option to study.
- 5.
There were almost 35,000 non-Irish students in Ireland (2008) compared to 22,000 in 2004. Of these nearly 13,000 were non-EU nationals. 18,600 Irish students enrolled in foreign universities in 2006, approximately 600 more than in 2005. Most of these were in the UK, US, Australia and Canada.
- 6.
The Southern Africa Development Community, SADC.
- 7.
We use the phrases ‘foreign’ or ‘international’ or ‘foreign born’ here in a general manner.
- 8.
The ISCED has been modernised in 2011, to, amongst others, better take into account especially higher level tertiary education, Level 5 being split in three sublevels: 5 Short-cycle tertiary; 6 Bachelor or equivalent; 7 Master or equivalent. The 1997 level 6 is per 2011 the level 8 Doctoral or equivalent.
- 9.
Source: Eurostat, update 31 May 2012; retrieved 12 June 2012.
- 10.
Source: Eurostat, update 6 March 2012; retrieved 15 June 2012
- 11.
Over-expectation of substitution to dental technicians and lower-level dental workers, for instance, led to caps on entry in dental education in the Netherlands, which, subsequently, have led to persistent shortages of dentists. The shortages are expected to last at least a decade (Capaciteitsorgaan, 2011).
- 12.
Please note: this is ‘stock’ and can include persons raised and trained in the receiving country, even already with the country’s nationality.
- 13.
In Canada, 44% of the foreign-born care workers are registered nurses in the country of origin (Bourgeault, 2009).
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© 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
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Tjadens, F., Eckert, J., Weilandt, C. (2013). Managing mobile health workforces?. In: Mobility of Health Professionals. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34053-6_6
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