Multiple lesions in the lungs, brain, and eyes developed shortly after near drowning in a car accident, caused by Scedosporium apiospermum . Fungal infection should be considered in rapidly progressing brain abscesses.

Varicella zoster virus (VZV) is an alphaherpesvirus that causes varicella upon primary infection, after which it becomes latent in neurons of

Imported cerebral malaria in non-endemic areas is often misdiagnosed, delaying treatment. In this case, diagnosing the cause of two sequential cerebral episodes was complicated by infection with two Plasmodium species and post-malaria neurological syndrome.

A challenging case in which an immunocompromised patient with brain abscesses underwent extensive workup, but ultimately required a craniotomy with partial brain abscess resection to identify Nocardia infection.

Fundamentally, low back pain (LBP) represents a symptom rather than an aetiological diagnosis per se . Since establishing a definite pathophysiological diagnosis is often neither necessary nor possible, most clinical guidelines pragmatically …

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of the highly contagious respiratory disease Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) that may lead to various neurological and psychological disorders that can be …

Transplantation-associated thrombotic microangiopathy (TA-TMA) is a well-recognized serious complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The understanding of TA-TMA pathophysiology has expanded in recent years. Dysregulation of …

Behcet’s disease (BD) is a rare but globally distributed vasculitis that primarily affects populations in the Mediterranean and Asian regions. Behcet’s uveitis (BU) is a common manifestation of BD, occurring in over two-thirds of the patients. BU …

The maternal in utero environment provides foundational support for the fetus’ physical and brain development. Congenital and perinatal viral infections may therefore have important long-term effects on a child’s development and health. This group …

While COVID-19 is no longer the “hot-topic” it was 2 years ago, its prevalence and impact are still significant. In 2022, the CDC estimated that over 90% of children from 6 months to 17 years old have had COVID-19 infection. While most children …

Behçet’s syndrome (BS) is a complex, multi-systemic disorder with a global occurrence, notably concentrated along the Silk Road. This study aimed to investigate gender-specific expressions and clinical phenotypes in BS patients within the Eastern …

Subacute or chronic meningitis refers to inflammation of the meninges that develops over days to weeks [ 1 ]. It is a serious category of neurological infections and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Given the wide range of …

Severe pneumonia is the leading infectious disease that causes death in children under five years of age. It is estimated that 740,180 deaths occur annually worldwide due to severe pneumonia, accounting for 22% of deaths in children under 5 years …

In the last few years, our understanding of disease molecular mechanisms underpinning ALS has advanced greatly, allowing the first steps in translating into clinical practice novel research findings, including gene therapy approaches. Similarly …

Autoimmune encephalitis is a relatively novel nosological entity characterized by an immune-mediated damage of the central nervous system. While originally described as a paraneoplastic inflammatory phenomenon affecting limbic structures, numerous …