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Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome

Insulinemic potential of diet and the risk of type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis and systematic review

Published in:
Authors
Hossein Farhadnejad
Mehrnaz Abbasi
Hamid Ahmadirad
Morteza Omrani
Mitra Kazemi Jahromi
Mostafa Norouzzadeh
Niloufar Saber
Farshad Teymoori
Parvin Mirmiran
Published in
Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome | Issue 1/2024

Abstract

Background

The possible role of the insulinemic potential of diet in the etiology of type 2 diabetes (T2D) has recently received significant attention in observational studies. This meta-analysis aimed to synthesize available evidence and quantify the potential association between the empirical dietary index for hyperinsulinemia (EDIH) score and T2D risk.

Methods

Various electronic databases, including Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science, were comprehensively searched up to January 2024 using related keywords to identify relevant studies. The hazard ratios (HR) or odds ratios were extracted from eligible cohort studies, and a random-effects model with an inverse variance weighting method was used to calculate the pooled effect size, which was expressed as HR.

Results

The analysis included six cohort studies (four publications), with sample sizes ranging from 3,732 to 90,786 individuals aged 20 to 79 years. During follow-up periods of 5 to over 20 years, 31,284 T2D incidents were identified. The pooled results showed that a higher EDIH score was associated with an increased risk of T2D incidence (HR: 1.47; 95%CI 1.21–1.77; I2 = 91.3%). Significant publication bias was observed in the present meta-analysis (P = 0.020). Geographical region and follow-up period can be as sources of heterogeneity (Pheterogeneity <0.001).

Conclusion

Our meta-analysis of observational studies suggested that a diet with a higher EDIH score may be associated with an increased risk of incidence of T2D.
Title
Insulinemic potential of diet and the risk of type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis and systematic review
Authors
Hossein Farhadnejad
Mehrnaz Abbasi
Hamid Ahmadirad
Morteza Omrani
Mitra Kazemi Jahromi
Mostafa Norouzzadeh
Niloufar Saber
Farshad Teymoori
Parvin Mirmiran
Publication date
01-12-2024
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome / Issue 1/2024
Electronic ISSN: 1758-5996
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13098-024-01474-x
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