Skip to main content
Top
Published in:

Open Access 03-01-2024 | Transcatheter Mitral Valve Replacement

Current Percutaneous Approaches to Treat Mitral Valve Regurgitation

Authors: Nina C. Wunderlich, MD, Alon Shechter, MD, MHA, Martin J. Swaans, MD, Ralf Lehmann, MD, Robert J. Siegel, MD

Published in: Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine | Issue 12/2023

Login to get access

Abstract

Purpose of review

In recent years, our understanding of mitral regurgitation and its management has evolved substantially. In particular, as percutaneous mitral valve interventions have proven safe and effective, it has become possible to offer expanded therapeutic options to patients who are deemed inoperable or at high surgical risk. This review provides an overview of currently available transcatheter mitral valve interventions and summarizes recently published findings that may allow for better risk stratification, patient selection, and procedural safety and efficacy.

Recent findings

In the last 1–2 years, numerous studies have provided important insights that help to better characterize patients in clinical practice and to select them more optimally for specific interventional mitral valve procedures.

Summary

The evolution of percutaneous MV therapy has been substantial and extremely beneficial for patient care. Nonetheless, this is an area underdevelopment and newer or enhanced devices are likely to emerge in the future.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Iung B, Baron G, Butchart EG, Delahaye F, Gohlke-Bärwolf C, Levang OW, et al. A prospective survey of patients with valvular heart disease in Europe: the Euro Heart survey on valvular heart disease. Eur Heart J. 2003;24(13):1231–43.PubMedCrossRef Iung B, Baron G, Butchart EG, Delahaye F, Gohlke-Bärwolf C, Levang OW, et al. A prospective survey of patients with valvular heart disease in Europe: the Euro Heart survey on valvular heart disease. Eur Heart J. 2003;24(13):1231–43.PubMedCrossRef
2.
go back to reference Nkomo VT, Gardin JM, Skelton TN, Gottdiener JS, Scott CG, Enriquez-Sarano M. Burden of valvular heart diseases: a population-based study. Lancet. 2006;368(9540):1005–11.PubMedCrossRef Nkomo VT, Gardin JM, Skelton TN, Gottdiener JS, Scott CG, Enriquez-Sarano M. Burden of valvular heart diseases: a population-based study. Lancet. 2006;368(9540):1005–11.PubMedCrossRef
3.
go back to reference Asgar AW, Mack MJ, Stone GW. Secondary mitral regurgitation in heart failure: pathophysiology, prognosis, and therapeutic considerations. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2015;65(12):1231–48.CrossRef Asgar AW, Mack MJ, Stone GW. Secondary mitral regurgitation in heart failure: pathophysiology, prognosis, and therapeutic considerations. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2015;65(12):1231–48.CrossRef
4.
go back to reference Goel SS, Bajaj N, Aggarwal B, Gupta S, Poddar KL, Ige M, et al. Prevalence and outcomes of unoperated patients with severe symptomatic mitral regurgitation and heart failure: comprehensive analysis to determine the potential role of MitraClip for this unmet need. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;63(2):185–6.PubMedCrossRef Goel SS, Bajaj N, Aggarwal B, Gupta S, Poddar KL, Ige M, et al. Prevalence and outcomes of unoperated patients with severe symptomatic mitral regurgitation and heart failure: comprehensive analysis to determine the potential role of MitraClip for this unmet need. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;63(2):185–6.PubMedCrossRef
5.
go back to reference • Hausleiter J, Stocker TJ, Adamo M, Karam N, Swaans MJ, Praz F. Mitral valve transcatheter edge-to-edge repair. EuroIntervention : journal of EuroPCR in collaboration with the Working Group on Interventional Cardiology of the European Society of Cardiology. 2023;18(12):957–76. The latest up-date on edge-to-edge therapy. • Hausleiter J, Stocker TJ, Adamo M, Karam N, Swaans MJ, Praz F. Mitral valve transcatheter edge-to-edge repair. EuroIntervention : journal of EuroPCR in collaboration with the Working Group on Interventional Cardiology of the European Society of Cardiology. 2023;18(12):957–76. The latest up-date on edge-to-edge therapy.
6.
go back to reference •• Vahanian A, Beyersdorf F, Praz F, Milojevic M, Baldus S, Bauersachs J, et al. 2021 ESC/EACTS Guidelines for the management of valvular heart disease. European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery. 2021. These are the most recent European guidelines for the treatment of valvular heart disease. •• Vahanian A, Beyersdorf F, Praz F, Milojevic M, Baldus S, Bauersachs J, et al. 2021 ESC/EACTS Guidelines for the management of valvular heart disease. European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery. 2021. These are the most recent European guidelines for the treatment of valvular heart disease.
7.
go back to reference •• Otto CM, Nishimura RA, Bonow RO, Carabello BA, Erwin JP, 3rd, Gentile F, et al. 2020 ACC/AHA Guideline for the management of patients with valvular heart disease: executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on clinical practice guidelines. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2021;77(4):450–500. These are the most recent American guidelines for the treatment of valvular heart disease. •• Otto CM, Nishimura RA, Bonow RO, Carabello BA, Erwin JP, 3rd, Gentile F, et al. 2020 ACC/AHA Guideline for the management of patients with valvular heart disease: executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on clinical practice guidelines. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2021;77(4):450–500. These are the most recent American guidelines for the treatment of valvular heart disease.
8.
go back to reference Feldman T, Foster E, Glower DD, Kar S, Rinaldi MJ, Fail PS, et al. Percutaneous repair or surgery for mitral regurgitation. N Engl J Med. 2011;364(15):1395–406.PubMedCrossRef Feldman T, Foster E, Glower DD, Kar S, Rinaldi MJ, Fail PS, et al. Percutaneous repair or surgery for mitral regurgitation. N Engl J Med. 2011;364(15):1395–406.PubMedCrossRef
9.
go back to reference Stone GW, Lindenfeld J, Abraham WT, Kar S, Lim DS, Mishell JM, et al. Transcatheter mitral-valve repair in patients with heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2018. Stone GW, Lindenfeld J, Abraham WT, Kar S, Lim DS, Mishell JM, et al. Transcatheter mitral-valve repair in patients with heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2018.
10.
go back to reference Praz F, Braun D, Unterhuber M, Spirito A, Orban M, Brugger N, et al. Edge-to-edge mitral valve repair with extended clip arms: early experience from a multicenter observational study. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2019;12(14):1356–65.CrossRef Praz F, Braun D, Unterhuber M, Spirito A, Orban M, Brugger N, et al. Edge-to-edge mitral valve repair with extended clip arms: early experience from a multicenter observational study. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2019;12(14):1356–65.CrossRef
11.
go back to reference Kar S, von Bardeleben RS, Rottbauer W, Mahoney P, Price MJ, Grasso C, et al. Contemporary outcomes following transcatheter edge-to-edge repair: 1-year results from the EXPAND study. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2023;16(5):589–602.PubMedCrossRef Kar S, von Bardeleben RS, Rottbauer W, Mahoney P, Price MJ, Grasso C, et al. Contemporary outcomes following transcatheter edge-to-edge repair: 1-year results from the EXPAND study. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2023;16(5):589–602.PubMedCrossRef
12.
go back to reference Asch FM, Little SH, Mackensen GB, Grayburn PA, Sorajja P, Rinaldi MJ, et al. Incidence and standardised definitions of mitral valve leaflet adverse events after transcatheter mitral valve repair: the EXPAND study. EuroIntervention : journal of EuroPCR in collaboration with the Working Group on Interventional Cardiology of the European Society of Cardiology. 2021;17(11):e932–41.PubMedCrossRef Asch FM, Little SH, Mackensen GB, Grayburn PA, Sorajja P, Rinaldi MJ, et al. Incidence and standardised definitions of mitral valve leaflet adverse events after transcatheter mitral valve repair: the EXPAND study. EuroIntervention : journal of EuroPCR in collaboration with the Working Group on Interventional Cardiology of the European Society of Cardiology. 2021;17(11):e932–41.PubMedCrossRef
13.
go back to reference Srinivasan A, Brown J, Ahmed H, Daniel M. PASCAL repair system for patients with mitral regurgitation: a systematic review. Int J Cardiol. 2023;376:108–14.PubMedCrossRef Srinivasan A, Brown J, Ahmed H, Daniel M. PASCAL repair system for patients with mitral regurgitation: a systematic review. Int J Cardiol. 2023;376:108–14.PubMedCrossRef
14.
go back to reference Antoine C, Benfari G, Michelena HI, Maalouf JF, Nkomo VT, Thapa P, et al. Clinical outcome of degenerative mitral regurgitation: critical importance of echocardiographic quantitative assessment in routine practice. Circulation. 2018;138(13):1317–26.PubMedCrossRef Antoine C, Benfari G, Michelena HI, Maalouf JF, Nkomo VT, Thapa P, et al. Clinical outcome of degenerative mitral regurgitation: critical importance of echocardiographic quantitative assessment in routine practice. Circulation. 2018;138(13):1317–26.PubMedCrossRef
15.
go back to reference Vahanian A, Beyersdorf F, Praz F, Milojevic M, Baldus S, Bauersachs J, et al. 2021 ESC/EACTS Guidelines for the management of valvular heart disease. EuroIntervention : journal of EuroPCR in collaboration with the Working Group on Interventional Cardiology of the European Society of Cardiology. 2022;17(14):e1126–96.PubMedCrossRef Vahanian A, Beyersdorf F, Praz F, Milojevic M, Baldus S, Bauersachs J, et al. 2021 ESC/EACTS Guidelines for the management of valvular heart disease. EuroIntervention : journal of EuroPCR in collaboration with the Working Group on Interventional Cardiology of the European Society of Cardiology. 2022;17(14):e1126–96.PubMedCrossRef
16.
go back to reference Bolling SF, Li S, O'Brien SM, Brennan JM, Prager RL, Gammie JS. Predictors of mitral valve repair: clinical and surgeon factors. Ann Thorac Surg. 2010;90(6):1904–11;12. Bolling SF, Li S, O'Brien SM, Brennan JM, Prager RL, Gammie JS. Predictors of mitral valve repair: clinical and surgeon factors. Ann Thorac Surg. 2010;90(6):1904–11;12.
17.
go back to reference Abt BG, Bowdish ME, Elsayed RS, Cohen R, Bojko M, Vorperian A, et al. Contemporary outcomes of mitral valve repair for degenerative disease in the era of increased penetrance of percutaneous mitral valve technology. JTCVS open. 2023;13:106–16.CrossRef Abt BG, Bowdish ME, Elsayed RS, Cohen R, Bojko M, Vorperian A, et al. Contemporary outcomes of mitral valve repair for degenerative disease in the era of increased penetrance of percutaneous mitral valve technology. JTCVS open. 2023;13:106–16.CrossRef
18.
go back to reference Sudo M, Vij V, Wilde N, Tanaka T, Vogelhuber J, Silaschi M, et al. Contemporary treatment and outcomes of high surgical risk mitral regurgitation. J Clin Med. 2023;12(8). Sudo M, Vij V, Wilde N, Tanaka T, Vogelhuber J, Silaschi M, et al. Contemporary treatment and outcomes of high surgical risk mitral regurgitation. J Clin Med. 2023;12(8).
19.
go back to reference Lim DS, Smith RL, Gillam LD, Zahr F, Chadderdon S, Makkar R, et al. Randomized comparison of transcatheter edge-to-edge repair for degenerative mitral regurgitation in prohibitive surgical risk patients. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2022;15(24):2523–36.PubMedCrossRef Lim DS, Smith RL, Gillam LD, Zahr F, Chadderdon S, Makkar R, et al. Randomized comparison of transcatheter edge-to-edge repair for degenerative mitral regurgitation in prohibitive surgical risk patients. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2022;15(24):2523–36.PubMedCrossRef
20.
go back to reference Braun D, Frerker C, Körber MI, Gaemperli O, Patzelt J, Schaefer U, et al. Percutaneous edge-to-edge repair of recurrent severe mitral regurgitation after surgical mitral valve repair. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017;70(4):504–5.PubMedCrossRef Braun D, Frerker C, Körber MI, Gaemperli O, Patzelt J, Schaefer U, et al. Percutaneous edge-to-edge repair of recurrent severe mitral regurgitation after surgical mitral valve repair. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017;70(4):504–5.PubMedCrossRef
21.
go back to reference Gavazzoni M, Taramasso M, Pozzoli ZA, Euscher D, Kuck KH, Bohnen S, et al. Outcomes of transcatheter mitral valve repair with edge-to-edge technique in patients with barlow disease. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2021;14(20):2308–10.PubMedCrossRef Gavazzoni M, Taramasso M, Pozzoli ZA, Euscher D, Kuck KH, Bohnen S, et al. Outcomes of transcatheter mitral valve repair with edge-to-edge technique in patients with barlow disease. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2021;14(20):2308–10.PubMedCrossRef
22.
go back to reference Goliasch G, Bartko PE, Pavo N, Neuhold S, Wurm R, Mascherbauer J, et al. Refining the prognostic impact of functional mitral regurgitation in chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2018;39(1):39–46.PubMedCrossRef Goliasch G, Bartko PE, Pavo N, Neuhold S, Wurm R, Mascherbauer J, et al. Refining the prognostic impact of functional mitral regurgitation in chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2018;39(1):39–46.PubMedCrossRef
23.
go back to reference Adamo M, Fiorelli F, Melica B, D’Ortona R, Lupi L, Giannini C, et al. COAPT-like profile predicts long-term outcomes in patients with secondary mitral regurgitation undergoing MitraClip implantation. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2021;14(1):15–25.PubMedCrossRef Adamo M, Fiorelli F, Melica B, D’Ortona R, Lupi L, Giannini C, et al. COAPT-like profile predicts long-term outcomes in patients with secondary mitral regurgitation undergoing MitraClip implantation. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2021;14(1):15–25.PubMedCrossRef
24.
go back to reference •• Stone GW, Abraham WT, Lindenfeld J, Kar S, Grayburn PA, Lim DS, et al. Five-year follow-up after transcatheter repair of secondary mitral regurgitation. The New England journal of medicine. 2023;388(22):2037–48. Publication on the 5-year data of the COAPT study. •• Stone GW, Abraham WT, Lindenfeld J, Kar S, Grayburn PA, Lim DS, et al. Five-year follow-up after transcatheter repair of secondary mitral regurgitation. The New England journal of medicine. 2023;388(22):2037–48. Publication on the 5-year data of the COAPT study.
25.
go back to reference Song C, Madhavan MV, Lindenfeld J, Abraham WT, Kar S, Lim DS, et al. Age-related outcomes after transcatheter mitral valve repair in patients with heart failure: analysis from COAPT. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2022;15(4):397–407.CrossRef Song C, Madhavan MV, Lindenfeld J, Abraham WT, Kar S, Lim DS, et al. Age-related outcomes after transcatheter mitral valve repair in patients with heart failure: analysis from COAPT. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2022;15(4):397–407.CrossRef
26.
go back to reference Felbel D, Paukovitsch M, Förg R, Stephan T, Mayer B, Keßler M, et al. Comparison of transcatheter edge-to-edge and surgical repair in patients with functional mitral regurgitation using a meta-analytic approach. Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine. 2022;9:1063070.PubMedCrossRef Felbel D, Paukovitsch M, Förg R, Stephan T, Mayer B, Keßler M, et al. Comparison of transcatheter edge-to-edge and surgical repair in patients with functional mitral regurgitation using a meta-analytic approach. Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine. 2022;9:1063070.PubMedCrossRef
27.
go back to reference Estler B, Rudolph V, Seleznova Y, Shukri A, Stock S, Müller D. Cost-effectiveness of the MitraClip device in German heart failure patients with secondary mitral regurgitation. The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care. 2023;24(3):349–58.PubMedCrossRef Estler B, Rudolph V, Seleznova Y, Shukri A, Stock S, Müller D. Cost-effectiveness of the MitraClip device in German heart failure patients with secondary mitral regurgitation. The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care. 2023;24(3):349–58.PubMedCrossRef
28.
go back to reference Obadia JF, Messika-Zeitoun D, Leurent G, Iung B, Bonnet G, Piriou N, et al. Percutaneous repair or medical treatment for secondary mitral regurgitation. N Engl J Med. 2018. Obadia JF, Messika-Zeitoun D, Leurent G, Iung B, Bonnet G, Piriou N, et al. Percutaneous repair or medical treatment for secondary mitral regurgitation. N Engl J Med. 2018.
29.
go back to reference Iung B, Armoiry X, Vahanian A, Boutitie F, Mewton N, Trochu JN, et al. Percutaneous repair or medical treatment for secondary mitral regurgitation: outcomes at 2 years. Eur J Heart Fail. 2019;21(12):1619–27.PubMedCrossRef Iung B, Armoiry X, Vahanian A, Boutitie F, Mewton N, Trochu JN, et al. Percutaneous repair or medical treatment for secondary mitral regurgitation: outcomes at 2 years. Eur J Heart Fail. 2019;21(12):1619–27.PubMedCrossRef
30.
go back to reference Giustino G, Camaj A, Kapadia SR, Kar S, Abraham WT, Lindenfeld J, et al. Hospitalizations and mortality in patients with secondary mitral regurgitation and heart failure: the COAPT trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2022;80(20):1857–68.PubMedCrossRef Giustino G, Camaj A, Kapadia SR, Kar S, Abraham WT, Lindenfeld J, et al. Hospitalizations and mortality in patients with secondary mitral regurgitation and heart failure: the COAPT trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2022;80(20):1857–68.PubMedCrossRef
31.
go back to reference McDonagh TA, Metra M, Adamo M, Gardner RS, Baumbach A, Böhm M, et al. 2021 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure: developed by the task force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). With the special contribution of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC. Eur J Heart Failure. 2022;24(1):4–131. McDonagh TA, Metra M, Adamo M, Gardner RS, Baumbach A, Böhm M, et al. 2021 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure: developed by the task force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). With the special contribution of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC. Eur J Heart Failure. 2022;24(1):4–131.
32.
go back to reference Shechter A, Koren O, Skaf S, Makar M, Chakravarty T, Koseki K, et al. Transcatheter edge-to-edge repair for chronic functional mitral regurgitation in patients with very severe left ventricular dysfunction. Am Heart J. 2023;264:59–71.PubMedCrossRef Shechter A, Koren O, Skaf S, Makar M, Chakravarty T, Koseki K, et al. Transcatheter edge-to-edge repair for chronic functional mitral regurgitation in patients with very severe left ventricular dysfunction. Am Heart J. 2023;264:59–71.PubMedCrossRef
33.
go back to reference Koell B, Orban M, Weimann J, Kassar M, Karam N, Neuss M, et al. Outcomes stratified by adapted inclusion criteria after mitral edge-to-edge repair. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2021;78(24):2408–21.PubMedCrossRef Koell B, Orban M, Weimann J, Kassar M, Karam N, Neuss M, et al. Outcomes stratified by adapted inclusion criteria after mitral edge-to-edge repair. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2021;78(24):2408–21.PubMedCrossRef
34.
go back to reference Karam N, Stolz L, Orban M, Deseive S, Praz F, Kalbacher D, et al. Impact of right ventricular dysfunction on outcomes after transcatheter edge-to-edge repair for secondary mitral regurgitation. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2021;14(4):768–78.PubMedCrossRef Karam N, Stolz L, Orban M, Deseive S, Praz F, Kalbacher D, et al. Impact of right ventricular dysfunction on outcomes after transcatheter edge-to-edge repair for secondary mitral regurgitation. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2021;14(4):768–78.PubMedCrossRef
35.
go back to reference Geis NA, Puls M, Lubos E, Zuern CS, Franke J, Schueler R, et al. Safety and efficacy of MitraClip™ therapy in patients with severely impaired left ventricular ejection fraction: results from the German transcatheter mitral valve interventions (TRAMI) registry. Eur J Heart Fail. 2018;20(3):598–608.PubMedCrossRef Geis NA, Puls M, Lubos E, Zuern CS, Franke J, Schueler R, et al. Safety and efficacy of MitraClip™ therapy in patients with severely impaired left ventricular ejection fraction: results from the German transcatheter mitral valve interventions (TRAMI) registry. Eur J Heart Fail. 2018;20(3):598–608.PubMedCrossRef
36.
go back to reference Tigges E, Blankenberg S, von Bardeleben RS, Zürn C, Bekeredjian R, Ouarrak T, et al. Implication of pulmonary hypertension in patients undergoing MitraClip therapy: results from the German transcatheter mitral valve interventions (TRAMI) registry. Eur J Heart Fail. 2018;20(3):585–94.PubMedCrossRef Tigges E, Blankenberg S, von Bardeleben RS, Zürn C, Bekeredjian R, Ouarrak T, et al. Implication of pulmonary hypertension in patients undergoing MitraClip therapy: results from the German transcatheter mitral valve interventions (TRAMI) registry. Eur J Heart Fail. 2018;20(3):585–94.PubMedCrossRef
37.
go back to reference Adamo M, Godino C, Giannini C, Scotti A, Liga R, Curello S, et al. Left ventricular reverse remodelling predicts long-term outcomes in patients with functional mitral regurgitation undergoing MitraClip therapy: results from a multicentre registry. Eur J Heart Fail. 2019;21(2):196–204.PubMedCrossRef Adamo M, Godino C, Giannini C, Scotti A, Liga R, Curello S, et al. Left ventricular reverse remodelling predicts long-term outcomes in patients with functional mitral regurgitation undergoing MitraClip therapy: results from a multicentre registry. Eur J Heart Fail. 2019;21(2):196–204.PubMedCrossRef
38.
go back to reference Godino C, Munafò A, Scotti A, Estévez-Loureiro R, Portolés Hernández A, Arzamendi D, et al. MitraClip in secondary mitral regurgitation as a bridge to heart transplantation: 1-year outcomes from the International MitraBridge Registry. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2020;39(12):1353–62.PubMedCrossRef Godino C, Munafò A, Scotti A, Estévez-Loureiro R, Portolés Hernández A, Arzamendi D, et al. MitraClip in secondary mitral regurgitation as a bridge to heart transplantation: 1-year outcomes from the International MitraBridge Registry. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2020;39(12):1353–62.PubMedCrossRef
39.
go back to reference Doldi PM, Buech J, Orban M, Samson-Himmelstjerna P, Wilbert-Lampen U, Hagl C, et al. Transcatheter mitral valve repair may increase eligibility for heart transplant listing in patients with end-stage heart failure and severe secondary mitral regurgitation. Int J Cardiol. 2021;338:72–8.PubMedCrossRef Doldi PM, Buech J, Orban M, Samson-Himmelstjerna P, Wilbert-Lampen U, Hagl C, et al. Transcatheter mitral valve repair may increase eligibility for heart transplant listing in patients with end-stage heart failure and severe secondary mitral regurgitation. Int J Cardiol. 2021;338:72–8.PubMedCrossRef
40.
go back to reference Cheng R, Dawkins S, Hamilton MA, Makar M, Hussaini A, Azarbal B, et al. Percutaneous mitral repair for patients in cardiogenic shock requiring inotropes and temporary mechanical circulatory support. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2019;12(23):2440–1.PubMedCrossRef Cheng R, Dawkins S, Hamilton MA, Makar M, Hussaini A, Azarbal B, et al. Percutaneous mitral repair for patients in cardiogenic shock requiring inotropes and temporary mechanical circulatory support. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2019;12(23):2440–1.PubMedCrossRef
41.
go back to reference Geis NA, Pleger ST, Bekeredjian R, Chorianopoulos E, Kreusser MM, Frankenstein L, et al. Haemodynamic effects of percutaneous mitral valve edge-to-edge repair in patients with end-stage heart failure awaiting heart transplantation. ESC heart failure. 2018;5(5):892–901.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Geis NA, Pleger ST, Bekeredjian R, Chorianopoulos E, Kreusser MM, Frankenstein L, et al. Haemodynamic effects of percutaneous mitral valve edge-to-edge repair in patients with end-stage heart failure awaiting heart transplantation. ESC heart failure. 2018;5(5):892–901.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
42.
go back to reference Reid A, Ben Zekry S, Naoum C, Takagi H, Thompson C, Godoy M, et al. Geometric differences of the mitral valve apparatus in atrial and ventricular functional mitral regurgitation. J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr. 2022;16(5):431–41.PubMedCrossRef Reid A, Ben Zekry S, Naoum C, Takagi H, Thompson C, Godoy M, et al. Geometric differences of the mitral valve apparatus in atrial and ventricular functional mitral regurgitation. J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr. 2022;16(5):431–41.PubMedCrossRef
43.
go back to reference Sodhi N, Asch FM, Ruf T, Petrescu A, von Bardeleben S, Lim DS, et al. Clinical outcomes with transcatheter edge-to-edge repair in atrial functional MR from the EXPAND study. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2022;15(17):1723–30.PubMedCrossRef Sodhi N, Asch FM, Ruf T, Petrescu A, von Bardeleben S, Lim DS, et al. Clinical outcomes with transcatheter edge-to-edge repair in atrial functional MR from the EXPAND study. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2022;15(17):1723–30.PubMedCrossRef
44.
go back to reference Tanaka T, Sugiura A, Öztürk C, Vogelhuber J, Tabata N, Wilde N, et al. Transcatheter edge-to-edge repair for atrial secondary mitral regurgitation. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2022;15(17):1731–40.PubMedCrossRef Tanaka T, Sugiura A, Öztürk C, Vogelhuber J, Tabata N, Wilde N, et al. Transcatheter edge-to-edge repair for atrial secondary mitral regurgitation. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2022;15(17):1731–40.PubMedCrossRef
45.
go back to reference Popolo Rubbio A, Testa L, Grasso C, Sisinni A, Tusa M, Agricola E, et al. Transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repair in atrial functional mitral regurgitation: insights from the multi-center MITRA-TUNE registry. Int J Cardiol. 2022;349:39–45.PubMedCrossRef Popolo Rubbio A, Testa L, Grasso C, Sisinni A, Tusa M, Agricola E, et al. Transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repair in atrial functional mitral regurgitation: insights from the multi-center MITRA-TUNE registry. Int J Cardiol. 2022;349:39–45.PubMedCrossRef
46.
go back to reference Sugiura A, Kavsur R, Spieker M, Iliadis C, Goto T, Öztürk C, et al. Recurrent mitral regurgitation after mitraclip: predictive factors, morphology, and clinical implication. Circ Cardiovasc Interv. 2022;15(3):e010895.CrossRef Sugiura A, Kavsur R, Spieker M, Iliadis C, Goto T, Öztürk C, et al. Recurrent mitral regurgitation after mitraclip: predictive factors, morphology, and clinical implication. Circ Cardiovasc Interv. 2022;15(3):e010895.CrossRef
47.
go back to reference Chikwe J, O’Gara P, Fremes S, Sundt TM 3rd, Habib RH, Gammie J, et al. Mitral surgery after transcatheter edge-to-edge repair: Society of Thoracic Surgeons Database analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2021;78(1):1–9.PubMedCrossRef Chikwe J, O’Gara P, Fremes S, Sundt TM 3rd, Habib RH, Gammie J, et al. Mitral surgery after transcatheter edge-to-edge repair: Society of Thoracic Surgeons Database analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2021;78(1):1–9.PubMedCrossRef
48.
go back to reference Kaneko T, Newell PC, Nisivaco S, Yoo SGK, Hirji SA, Hou H, et al. Incidence, characteristics, and outcomes of reintervention after mitral transcatheter edge-to-edge repair. The J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2022. Kaneko T, Newell PC, Nisivaco S, Yoo SGK, Hirji SA, Hou H, et al. Incidence, characteristics, and outcomes of reintervention after mitral transcatheter edge-to-edge repair. The J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2022.
49.
go back to reference Shechter A, Lee M, Kaewkes D, Koren O, Skaf S, Chakravarty T, et al. Repeat mitral transcatheter edge-to-edge repair for recurrent significant mitral regurgitation. J Am Heart Assoc. 2023;12(9):e028654.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Shechter A, Lee M, Kaewkes D, Koren O, Skaf S, Chakravarty T, et al. Repeat mitral transcatheter edge-to-edge repair for recurrent significant mitral regurgitation. J Am Heart Assoc. 2023;12(9):e028654.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
50.
go back to reference Lim DSHH, Grayburn P, Koulogiannis K, Ailawadi G, Williams M, et al. Consensus document on non-suitability for transcatheter mitral valve repair by edge-to-edge therapy. Structural Heart. 2021;5(3):227–333.CrossRef Lim DSHH, Grayburn P, Koulogiannis K, Ailawadi G, Williams M, et al. Consensus document on non-suitability for transcatheter mitral valve repair by edge-to-edge therapy. Structural Heart. 2021;5(3):227–333.CrossRef
51.
go back to reference Shechter A, Natanzon SS, Koseki K, Kaewkes D, Lee M, Koren O, et al. Prognostic value of mitral valve haemodynamic parameters obtained by intraprocedural echocardiography in transcatheter edge-to-edge repair. Eur Heart J Cardiovascr Imaging. 2023. Shechter A, Natanzon SS, Koseki K, Kaewkes D, Lee M, Koren O, et al. Prognostic value of mitral valve haemodynamic parameters obtained by intraprocedural echocardiography in transcatheter edge-to-edge repair. Eur Heart J Cardiovascr Imaging. 2023.
52.
go back to reference Sorajja P, Vemulapalli S, Feldman T, Mack M, Holmes DR Jr, Stebbins A, et al. Outcomes with transcatheter mitral valve repair in the United States: an STS/ACC TVT registry report. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017;70(19):2315–27.CrossRef Sorajja P, Vemulapalli S, Feldman T, Mack M, Holmes DR Jr, Stebbins A, et al. Outcomes with transcatheter mitral valve repair in the United States: an STS/ACC TVT registry report. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017;70(19):2315–27.CrossRef
53.
go back to reference Bedogni F, Popolo Rubbio A, Grasso C, Adamo M, Denti P, Giordano A, et al. Italian Society of Interventional Cardiology (GIse) registry of transcatheter treatment of mitral valve regurgitation (GIOTTO): impact of valve disease aetiology and residual mitral regurgitation after MitraClip implantation. Eur J Heart Fail. 2021;23(8):1364–76.CrossRef Bedogni F, Popolo Rubbio A, Grasso C, Adamo M, Denti P, Giordano A, et al. Italian Society of Interventional Cardiology (GIse) registry of transcatheter treatment of mitral valve regurgitation (GIOTTO): impact of valve disease aetiology and residual mitral regurgitation after MitraClip implantation. Eur J Heart Fail. 2021;23(8):1364–76.CrossRef
54.
go back to reference García-Villarreal OA. Residual mitral regurgitation grade 2+ after transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repair: epic fail? Cardiovasc Metab Sci. 2022;33 (4). García-Villarreal OA. Residual mitral regurgitation grade 2+ after transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repair: epic fail? Cardiovasc Metab Sci. 2022;33 (4).
55.
go back to reference Neuss M, Schau T, Isotani A, Pilz M, Schöpp M, Butter C. Elevated mitral valve pressure gradient after mitraclip implantation deteriorates long-term outcome in patients with severe mitral regurgitation and severe heart failure. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2017;10(9):931–9.PubMedCrossRef Neuss M, Schau T, Isotani A, Pilz M, Schöpp M, Butter C. Elevated mitral valve pressure gradient after mitraclip implantation deteriorates long-term outcome in patients with severe mitral regurgitation and severe heart failure. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2017;10(9):931–9.PubMedCrossRef
56.
go back to reference Oguz D, Padang R, Rashedi N, Pislaru SV, Nkomo VT, Mankad SV, et al. Risk for increased mean diastolic gradient after transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repair: a quantitative three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiographic analysis. Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography. 2021;34(6):595-603.e2.PubMedCrossRef Oguz D, Padang R, Rashedi N, Pislaru SV, Nkomo VT, Mankad SV, et al. Risk for increased mean diastolic gradient after transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repair: a quantitative three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiographic analysis. Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography. 2021;34(6):595-603.e2.PubMedCrossRef
57.
go back to reference Thaden JJ, Malouf JF, Nkomo VT, Pislaru SV, Holmes DR, Jr., Reeder GS, et al. Mitral valve anatomic predictors of hemodynamic success with transcatheter mitral valve repair. J Am Heart Assoc. 2018;7(2). Thaden JJ, Malouf JF, Nkomo VT, Pislaru SV, Holmes DR, Jr., Reeder GS, et al. Mitral valve anatomic predictors of hemodynamic success with transcatheter mitral valve repair. J Am Heart Assoc. 2018;7(2).
58.
go back to reference Utsunomiya H, Itabashi Y, Kobayashi S, Rader F, Hussaini A, Makar M, et al. Effect of percutaneous edge-to-edge repair on mitral valve area and its association with pulmonary hypertension and outcomes. Am J Cardiol. 2017;120(4):662–9.CrossRef Utsunomiya H, Itabashi Y, Kobayashi S, Rader F, Hussaini A, Makar M, et al. Effect of percutaneous edge-to-edge repair on mitral valve area and its association with pulmonary hypertension and outcomes. Am J Cardiol. 2017;120(4):662–9.CrossRef
59.
go back to reference Yoon SH, Makar M, Kar S, Chakravarty T, Oakley L, Sekhon N, et al. Prognostic value of increased mitral valve gradient after transcatheter edge-to-edge repair for primary mitral regurgitation. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2022;15(9):935–45.PubMedCrossRef Yoon SH, Makar M, Kar S, Chakravarty T, Oakley L, Sekhon N, et al. Prognostic value of increased mitral valve gradient after transcatheter edge-to-edge repair for primary mitral regurgitation. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2022;15(9):935–45.PubMedCrossRef
60.
go back to reference Mauri L, Garg P, Massaro JM, Foster E, Glower D, Mehoudar P, et al. The EVEREST II trial: design and rationale for a randomized study of the evalve mitraclip system compared with mitral valve surgery for mitral regurgitation. Am Heart J. 2010;160(1):23–9.CrossRef Mauri L, Garg P, Massaro JM, Foster E, Glower D, Mehoudar P, et al. The EVEREST II trial: design and rationale for a randomized study of the evalve mitraclip system compared with mitral valve surgery for mitral regurgitation. Am Heart J. 2010;160(1):23–9.CrossRef
61.
go back to reference Lesevic H, Karl M, Braun D, Barthel P, Orban M, Pache J, et al. Long-term outcomes after MitraClip implantation according to the presence or absence of EVEREST inclusion criteria. Am J Cardiol. 2017;119(8):1255–61.PubMedCrossRef Lesevic H, Karl M, Braun D, Barthel P, Orban M, Pache J, et al. Long-term outcomes after MitraClip implantation according to the presence or absence of EVEREST inclusion criteria. Am J Cardiol. 2017;119(8):1255–61.PubMedCrossRef
62.
go back to reference Sorajja P, Sato H, Bapat VN, Cavalcante JL, Bae R, Fukui M, et al. Contemporary anatomic criteria and clinical outcomes with transcatheter mitral repair. Circ Cardiovasc Interv. 2023;16(2):e012486.PubMedCrossRef Sorajja P, Sato H, Bapat VN, Cavalcante JL, Bae R, Fukui M, et al. Contemporary anatomic criteria and clinical outcomes with transcatheter mitral repair. Circ Cardiovasc Interv. 2023;16(2):e012486.PubMedCrossRef
63.
go back to reference Sato H, Cavalcante JL, Bae R, Bapat VN, Garcia S, Gössl M, et al. Coaptation reserve predicts optimal reduction in mitral regurgitation and long-term survival with transcatheter edge-to-edge repair. Circ Cardiovasc Interv. 2022;15(7):e011562.PubMedCrossRef Sato H, Cavalcante JL, Bae R, Bapat VN, Garcia S, Gössl M, et al. Coaptation reserve predicts optimal reduction in mitral regurgitation and long-term survival with transcatheter edge-to-edge repair. Circ Cardiovasc Interv. 2022;15(7):e011562.PubMedCrossRef
64.
go back to reference Stolz L, Orban M, Braun D, Doldi P, Orban M, Stark K, et al. Impact of asymmetric tethering on outcomes after edge-to-edge mitral valve repair for secondary mitral regurgitation. Clinical research in cardiology : Official J German Cardiac Society. 2022;111(8):869–80.CrossRef Stolz L, Orban M, Braun D, Doldi P, Orban M, Stark K, et al. Impact of asymmetric tethering on outcomes after edge-to-edge mitral valve repair for secondary mitral regurgitation. Clinical research in cardiology : Official J German Cardiac Society. 2022;111(8):869–80.CrossRef
65.
go back to reference Tabata N, Weber M, Sugiura A, Öztürk C, Ishii M, Tsujita K, et al. Impact of the leaflet-to-annulus index on residual mitral regurgitation in patients undergoing edge-to-edge mitral repair. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2019;12(24):2462–72.PubMedCrossRef Tabata N, Weber M, Sugiura A, Öztürk C, Ishii M, Tsujita K, et al. Impact of the leaflet-to-annulus index on residual mitral regurgitation in patients undergoing edge-to-edge mitral repair. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2019;12(24):2462–72.PubMedCrossRef
66.
go back to reference Orban M, Rottbauer W, Williams M, Mahoney P, von Bardeleben RS, Price MJ, et al. Transcatheter edge-to-edge repair for secondary mitral regurgitation with third-generation devices in heart failure patients - results from the Global EXPAND Post-Market study. Eur J Heart Fail. 2023;25(3):411–21.PubMedCrossRef Orban M, Rottbauer W, Williams M, Mahoney P, von Bardeleben RS, Price MJ, et al. Transcatheter edge-to-edge repair for secondary mitral regurgitation with third-generation devices in heart failure patients - results from the Global EXPAND Post-Market study. Eur J Heart Fail. 2023;25(3):411–21.PubMedCrossRef
67.
go back to reference Alperi A, Avanzas P, Martinez J, Adeba A, Silva I, Leon V, et al. Anatomical changes after transcatheter edge-to-edge repair in functional MR according to MitraClip generation. J Clin Med. 2023;12(4). Alperi A, Avanzas P, Martinez J, Adeba A, Silva I, Leon V, et al. Anatomical changes after transcatheter edge-to-edge repair in functional MR according to MitraClip generation. J Clin Med. 2023;12(4).
68.
go back to reference • von Bardeleben RS, Rogers JH, Mahoney P, Price MJ, Denti P, Maisano F, et al. Real-world outcomes of fourth-generation mitral transcatheter repair: 30-day results from EXPAND G4. JACC Cardiovascular interventions. 2023;16(12):1463–73. This is the latest data from an edge-to-edge therapy in a real-world scenario with the latest device generations (G4 MitraClip). • von Bardeleben RS, Rogers JH, Mahoney P, Price MJ, Denti P, Maisano F, et al. Real-world outcomes of fourth-generation mitral transcatheter repair: 30-day results from EXPAND G4. JACC Cardiovascular interventions. 2023;16(12):1463–73. This is the latest data from an edge-to-edge therapy in a real-world scenario with the latest device generations (G4 MitraClip).
69.
go back to reference Hausleiter J, Lim DS, Gillam LD, Zahr F, Chadderdon S, Rassi AN, et al. Transcatheter edge-to-edge repair in patients with anatomically complex degenerative mitral regurgitation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2023;81(5):431–42.PubMedCrossRef Hausleiter J, Lim DS, Gillam LD, Zahr F, Chadderdon S, Rassi AN, et al. Transcatheter edge-to-edge repair in patients with anatomically complex degenerative mitral regurgitation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2023;81(5):431–42.PubMedCrossRef
70.
go back to reference Hosseini K, Soleimani H, Nasrollahizadeh A, Jenab Y, Karlas A, Avgerinos DV, et al. Edge-to-edge transcatheter mitral valve repair using PASCAL vs. MitraClip: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Med. 2023;12(10). Hosseini K, Soleimani H, Nasrollahizadeh A, Jenab Y, Karlas A, Avgerinos DV, et al. Edge-to-edge transcatheter mitral valve repair using PASCAL vs. MitraClip: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Med. 2023;12(10).
71.
go back to reference Chhatriwalla AK, Vemulapalli S, Szerlip M, Kodali S, Hahn RT, Saxon JT, et al. Operator experience and outcomes of transcatheter mitral valve repair in the United States. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019;74(24):2955–65.CrossRef Chhatriwalla AK, Vemulapalli S, Szerlip M, Kodali S, Hahn RT, Saxon JT, et al. Operator experience and outcomes of transcatheter mitral valve repair in the United States. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019;74(24):2955–65.CrossRef
72.
go back to reference Shoji S, Kuno T, Malik A, Briasoulis A, Inohara T, Kampaktsis PN, et al. Association between institutional volume of transcatheter mitral valve repair and readmission rates: a report from the Nationwide Readmission Database. Int J Cardiol. 2023. Shoji S, Kuno T, Malik A, Briasoulis A, Inohara T, Kampaktsis PN, et al. Association between institutional volume of transcatheter mitral valve repair and readmission rates: a report from the Nationwide Readmission Database. Int J Cardiol. 2023.
73.
go back to reference Gavazzoni M, Taramasso M, Zuber M, Russo G, Pozzoli A, Miura M, et al. Conceiving MitraClip as a tool: percutaneous edge-to-edge repair in complex mitral valve anatomies. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2020;21(10):1059–67.PubMedCrossRef Gavazzoni M, Taramasso M, Zuber M, Russo G, Pozzoli A, Miura M, et al. Conceiving MitraClip as a tool: percutaneous edge-to-edge repair in complex mitral valve anatomies. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2020;21(10):1059–67.PubMedCrossRef
74.
go back to reference Alachkar MN, Kirschfink A, Grebe J, Schälte G, Almalla M, Frick M, et al. General anesthesia leads to underestimation of regurgitation severity in patients with secondary mitral regurgitation undergoing transcatheter mitral valve repair. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2022;36(4):974–82.PubMedCrossRef Alachkar MN, Kirschfink A, Grebe J, Schälte G, Almalla M, Frick M, et al. General anesthesia leads to underestimation of regurgitation severity in patients with secondary mitral regurgitation undergoing transcatheter mitral valve repair. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2022;36(4):974–82.PubMedCrossRef
75.
go back to reference Meijerink F, Holierook M, Eberl S, Robbers-Visser D, Boekholdt SM, Beijk MAM, et al. Dobutamine stress echocardiography during transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repair predicts residual mitral regurgitation. Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions. 2023;101(6):1128–33.CrossRef Meijerink F, Holierook M, Eberl S, Robbers-Visser D, Boekholdt SM, Beijk MAM, et al. Dobutamine stress echocardiography during transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repair predicts residual mitral regurgitation. Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions. 2023;101(6):1128–33.CrossRef
76.
go back to reference Boekstegers P, Hausleiter J, Schmitz T, Bufe A, Comberg T, Seyfarth M, et al. Intraprocedural residual mitral regurgitation and survival after transcatheter edge-to-edge repair: Prospective German Multicenter Registry (MITRA-PRO). JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2023;16(5):574–85.PubMedCrossRef Boekstegers P, Hausleiter J, Schmitz T, Bufe A, Comberg T, Seyfarth M, et al. Intraprocedural residual mitral regurgitation and survival after transcatheter edge-to-edge repair: Prospective German Multicenter Registry (MITRA-PRO). JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2023;16(5):574–85.PubMedCrossRef
77.
go back to reference Scotti A, Latib A, Rubbio AP, Testa L, Adamo M, Denti P, et al. Derivation and validation of a clinical risk score for COAPT-ineligible patients who underwent transcatheter edge-to-edge repair. Am J Cardiol. 2023;186:100–8.PubMedCrossRef Scotti A, Latib A, Rubbio AP, Testa L, Adamo M, Denti P, et al. Derivation and validation of a clinical risk score for COAPT-ineligible patients who underwent transcatheter edge-to-edge repair. Am J Cardiol. 2023;186:100–8.PubMedCrossRef
78.
go back to reference Adamo M, Rubbio AP, Zaccone G, Pighi M, Massussi M, Tomasoni D, et al. Prediction of mortality and heart failure hospitalisations in patients undergoing M-TEER: external validation of the COAPT risk score. EuroIntervention : journal of EuroPCR in collaboration with the Working Group on Interventional Cardiology of the European Society of Cardiology. 2023;18(17):1408–17.PubMedCrossRef Adamo M, Rubbio AP, Zaccone G, Pighi M, Massussi M, Tomasoni D, et al. Prediction of mortality and heart failure hospitalisations in patients undergoing M-TEER: external validation of the COAPT risk score. EuroIntervention : journal of EuroPCR in collaboration with the Working Group on Interventional Cardiology of the European Society of Cardiology. 2023;18(17):1408–17.PubMedCrossRef
79.
go back to reference Grigioni F, Clavel MA, Vanoverschelde JL, Tribouilloy C, Pizarro R, Huebner M, et al. The MIDA mortality risk score: development and external validation of a prognostic model for early and late death in degenerative mitral regurgitation. Eur Heart J. 2018;39(15):1281–91.PubMedCrossRef Grigioni F, Clavel MA, Vanoverschelde JL, Tribouilloy C, Pizarro R, Huebner M, et al. The MIDA mortality risk score: development and external validation of a prognostic model for early and late death in degenerative mitral regurgitation. Eur Heart J. 2018;39(15):1281–91.PubMedCrossRef
80.
go back to reference Kavsur R, Spieker M, Iliadis C, Metze C, Transier M, Tiyerili V, et al. Mitral Regurgitation International Database (MIDA) score predicts outcome in patients with heart failure undergoing transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repair. J Am Heart Assoc. 2021;10(13):e019548.PubMedCrossRef Kavsur R, Spieker M, Iliadis C, Metze C, Transier M, Tiyerili V, et al. Mitral Regurgitation International Database (MIDA) score predicts outcome in patients with heart failure undergoing transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repair. J Am Heart Assoc. 2021;10(13):e019548.PubMedCrossRef
81.
go back to reference Ponce AC, Samimi S, El Shaer A, Sulaiman S, Eleid MF, Guererro M, et al. Hemodynamic profiling of patients undergoing transcatheter mitral edge-to-edge repair. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2023;16(8):1008–9.PubMedCrossRef Ponce AC, Samimi S, El Shaer A, Sulaiman S, Eleid MF, Guererro M, et al. Hemodynamic profiling of patients undergoing transcatheter mitral edge-to-edge repair. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2023;16(8):1008–9.PubMedCrossRef
82.
go back to reference Sannino A, Banwait JK, Sudhakaran S, Rahimighazikalayeh G, Szerlip M, Smith R 2nd, et al. Impact of improving severity of secondary mitral regurgitation on survival. ESC heart failure. 2023;10(1):742–5.PubMedCrossRef Sannino A, Banwait JK, Sudhakaran S, Rahimighazikalayeh G, Szerlip M, Smith R 2nd, et al. Impact of improving severity of secondary mitral regurgitation on survival. ESC heart failure. 2023;10(1):742–5.PubMedCrossRef
83.
go back to reference Higuchi S, Orban M, Adamo M, Giannini C, Melica B, Karam N, et al. Guideline-directed medical therapy in patients undergoing transcatheter edge-to-edge repair for secondary mitral regurgitation. Eur J Heart Fail. 2022;24(11):2152–61.PubMedCrossRef Higuchi S, Orban M, Adamo M, Giannini C, Melica B, Karam N, et al. Guideline-directed medical therapy in patients undergoing transcatheter edge-to-edge repair for secondary mitral regurgitation. Eur J Heart Fail. 2022;24(11):2152–61.PubMedCrossRef
84.
go back to reference Adamo M, Tomasoni D, Stolz L, Stocker TJ, Pancaldi E, Koell B, et al. Impact of transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repair on guideline-directed medical therapy uptitration. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2023;16(8):896–905.PubMedCrossRef Adamo M, Tomasoni D, Stolz L, Stocker TJ, Pancaldi E, Koell B, et al. Impact of transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repair on guideline-directed medical therapy uptitration. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2023;16(8):896–905.PubMedCrossRef
85.
go back to reference Puls M, Lubos E, Boekstegers P, von Bardeleben RS, Ouarrak T, Butter C, et al. One-year outcomes and predictors of mortality after MitraClip therapy in contemporary clinical practice: results from the German transcatheter mitral valve interventions registry. Eur Heart J. 2016;37(8):703–12.PubMedCrossRef Puls M, Lubos E, Boekstegers P, von Bardeleben RS, Ouarrak T, Butter C, et al. One-year outcomes and predictors of mortality after MitraClip therapy in contemporary clinical practice: results from the German transcatheter mitral valve interventions registry. Eur Heart J. 2016;37(8):703–12.PubMedCrossRef
86.
go back to reference Giustino G, Lindenfeld J, Abraham WT, Kar S, Lim DS, Grayburn PA, et al. NYHA Functional classification and outcomes after transcatheter mitral valve repair in heart failure: the COAPT trial. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2020;13(20):2317–28.CrossRef Giustino G, Lindenfeld J, Abraham WT, Kar S, Lim DS, Grayburn PA, et al. NYHA Functional classification and outcomes after transcatheter mitral valve repair in heart failure: the COAPT trial. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2020;13(20):2317–28.CrossRef
87.
go back to reference Shuvy M, von Bardeleben RS, Grasso C, Raake P, Lurz P, Zamorano JL, et al. Safety and efficacy of MitraClip in acutely ill (NYHA class IV) patients with mitral regurgitation: results from the global EXPAND study. ESC heart failure. 2023;10(2):1122–32.PubMedCrossRef Shuvy M, von Bardeleben RS, Grasso C, Raake P, Lurz P, Zamorano JL, et al. Safety and efficacy of MitraClip in acutely ill (NYHA class IV) patients with mitral regurgitation: results from the global EXPAND study. ESC heart failure. 2023;10(2):1122–32.PubMedCrossRef
88.
go back to reference Stolz L, Doldi PM, Orban M, Karam N, Puscas T, Wild MG, et al. Staging heart failure patients with secondary mitral regurgitation undergoing transcatheter edge-to-edge repair. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2023;16(2):140–51.CrossRef Stolz L, Doldi PM, Orban M, Karam N, Puscas T, Wild MG, et al. Staging heart failure patients with secondary mitral regurgitation undergoing transcatheter edge-to-edge repair. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2023;16(2):140–51.CrossRef
89.
go back to reference Arnold SV, Stone GW, Mack MJ, Chhatriwalla AK, Austin BA, Zhang Z, et al. Health status changes and outcomes in patients with heart failure and mitral regurgitation: COAPT trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020;75(17):2099–106.PubMedCrossRef Arnold SV, Stone GW, Mack MJ, Chhatriwalla AK, Austin BA, Zhang Z, et al. Health status changes and outcomes in patients with heart failure and mitral regurgitation: COAPT trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020;75(17):2099–106.PubMedCrossRef
90.
go back to reference Natanzon SS, Koseki K, Kaewkes D, Koren O, Patel V, Nakamura M, et al. Quality of life, procedural success, and clinical outcomes following transcatheter mitral valve repair. Int J Clin Pract. 2023;2023:1977911.CrossRef Natanzon SS, Koseki K, Kaewkes D, Koren O, Patel V, Nakamura M, et al. Quality of life, procedural success, and clinical outcomes following transcatheter mitral valve repair. Int J Clin Pract. 2023;2023:1977911.CrossRef
91.
go back to reference Shechter A, Vaturi M, Kaewkes D, Koren O, Koseki K, Solanki A, et al. Prognostic value of baseline tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion to pulmonary artery systolic pressure ratio in mitral transcatheter edge-to-edge repair. Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography. 2023;36(4):391-401.e19.CrossRef Shechter A, Vaturi M, Kaewkes D, Koren O, Koseki K, Solanki A, et al. Prognostic value of baseline tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion to pulmonary artery systolic pressure ratio in mitral transcatheter edge-to-edge repair. Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography. 2023;36(4):391-401.e19.CrossRef
92.
go back to reference Adamo M, Inciardi RM, Tomasoni D, Dallapellegrina L, Estévez-Loureiro R, Stolfo D, et al. Changes in right ventricular-to-pulmonary artery coupling after transcatheter edge-to-edge repair in secondary mitral regurgitation. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2022;15(12):2038–47.PubMedCrossRef Adamo M, Inciardi RM, Tomasoni D, Dallapellegrina L, Estévez-Loureiro R, Stolfo D, et al. Changes in right ventricular-to-pulmonary artery coupling after transcatheter edge-to-edge repair in secondary mitral regurgitation. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2022;15(12):2038–47.PubMedCrossRef
93.
go back to reference Maisano F, Taramasso M, Nickenig G, Hammerstingl C, Vahanian A, Messika-Zeitoun D, et al. Cardioband, a transcatheter surgical-like direct mitral valve annuloplasty system: early results of the feasibility trial. Eur Heart J. 2016;37(10):817–25.PubMedCrossRef Maisano F, Taramasso M, Nickenig G, Hammerstingl C, Vahanian A, Messika-Zeitoun D, et al. Cardioband, a transcatheter surgical-like direct mitral valve annuloplasty system: early results of the feasibility trial. Eur Heart J. 2016;37(10):817–25.PubMedCrossRef
94.
go back to reference Messika-Zeitoun D, Nickenig G, Latib A, Kuck KH, Baldus S, Schueler R, et al. Transcatheter mitral valve repair for functional mitral regurgitation using the Cardioband system: 1 year outcomes. Eur Heart J. 2019;40(5):466–72.PubMedCrossRef Messika-Zeitoun D, Nickenig G, Latib A, Kuck KH, Baldus S, Schueler R, et al. Transcatheter mitral valve repair for functional mitral regurgitation using the Cardioband system: 1 year outcomes. Eur Heart J. 2019;40(5):466–72.PubMedCrossRef
95.
go back to reference Aittigrine S, Chiali N, Tozzi P. Lessons learned from percutaneous indirect annuloplasty in the treatment of mitral regurgitation and future perspectives. Medical Research Archives. 2023;11(2). Aittigrine S, Chiali N, Tozzi P. Lessons learned from percutaneous indirect annuloplasty in the treatment of mitral regurgitation and future perspectives. Medical Research Archives. 2023;11(2).
97.
go back to reference Simonato M, Whisenant B, Ribeiro HB, Webb JG, Kornowski R, Guerrero M, et al. Transcatheter mitral valve replacement after surgical repair or replacement: comprehensive midterm evaluation of valve-in-valve and valve-in-ring implantation from the VIVID registry. Circulation. 2021;143(2):104–16.PubMedCrossRef Simonato M, Whisenant B, Ribeiro HB, Webb JG, Kornowski R, Guerrero M, et al. Transcatheter mitral valve replacement after surgical repair or replacement: comprehensive midterm evaluation of valve-in-valve and valve-in-ring implantation from the VIVID registry. Circulation. 2021;143(2):104–16.PubMedCrossRef
98.
go back to reference Whisenant B, Kapadia SR, Eleid MF, Kodali SK, McCabe JM, Krishnaswamy A, et al. One-year outcomes of mitral valve-in-valve using the SAPIEN 3 transcatheter heart valve. JAMA cardiology. 2020;5(11):1245–52.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Whisenant B, Kapadia SR, Eleid MF, Kodali SK, McCabe JM, Krishnaswamy A, et al. One-year outcomes of mitral valve-in-valve using the SAPIEN 3 transcatheter heart valve. JAMA cardiology. 2020;5(11):1245–52.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
99.
go back to reference Zhou J, Li Y, Chen Z, Zhang H. Transcatheter mitral valve replacement versus redo surgery for mitral prosthesis failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine. 2022;9:1058576.PubMedCrossRef Zhou J, Li Y, Chen Z, Zhang H. Transcatheter mitral valve replacement versus redo surgery for mitral prosthesis failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine. 2022;9:1058576.PubMedCrossRef
100.
go back to reference Ismayl M, Abbasi MA, Mostafa MR, Aboeata A, Vora AN, Ben-Dor I, et al. Meta-analysis comparing valve-in-valve transcatheter mitral valve replacement versus redo surgical mitral valve replacement in degenerated bioprosthetic mitral valve. Am J Cardiol. 2023;189:98–107.PubMedCrossRef Ismayl M, Abbasi MA, Mostafa MR, Aboeata A, Vora AN, Ben-Dor I, et al. Meta-analysis comparing valve-in-valve transcatheter mitral valve replacement versus redo surgical mitral valve replacement in degenerated bioprosthetic mitral valve. Am J Cardiol. 2023;189:98–107.PubMedCrossRef
101.
go back to reference Yoon SH, Whisenant BK, Bleiziffer S, Delgado V, Dhoble A, Schofer N, et al. Outcomes of transcatheter mitral valve replacement for degenerated bioprostheses, failed annuloplasty rings, and mitral annular calcification. Eur Heart J. 2019;40(5):441–51.PubMedCrossRef Yoon SH, Whisenant BK, Bleiziffer S, Delgado V, Dhoble A, Schofer N, et al. Outcomes of transcatheter mitral valve replacement for degenerated bioprostheses, failed annuloplasty rings, and mitral annular calcification. Eur Heart J. 2019;40(5):441–51.PubMedCrossRef
102.
go back to reference Guerrero M, Urena M, Himbert D, Wang DD, Eleid M, Kodali S, et al. 1-year outcomes of transcatheter mitral valve replacement in patients with severe mitral annular calcification. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;71(17):1841–53.PubMedCrossRef Guerrero M, Urena M, Himbert D, Wang DD, Eleid M, Kodali S, et al. 1-year outcomes of transcatheter mitral valve replacement in patients with severe mitral annular calcification. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;71(17):1841–53.PubMedCrossRef
103.
go back to reference Maisano F, Taramasso M. Mitral valve-in-valve, valve-in-ring, and valve-in-MAC: the good, the bad, and the ugly. Eur Heart J. 2019;40(5):452–5.PubMedCrossRef Maisano F, Taramasso M. Mitral valve-in-valve, valve-in-ring, and valve-in-MAC: the good, the bad, and the ugly. Eur Heart J. 2019;40(5):452–5.PubMedCrossRef
104.
go back to reference Khan JM, Babaliaros VC, Greenbaum AB, Foerst JR, Yazdani S, McCabe JM, et al. Anterior leaflet laceration to prevent ventricular outflow tract obstruction during transcatheter mitral valve replacement. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019;73(20):2521–34.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Khan JM, Babaliaros VC, Greenbaum AB, Foerst JR, Yazdani S, McCabe JM, et al. Anterior leaflet laceration to prevent ventricular outflow tract obstruction during transcatheter mitral valve replacement. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019;73(20):2521–34.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
105.
go back to reference Eleid MF, Collins JD, Mahoney P, Williamson EE, Killu AM, Whisenant BK, et al. Emerging approaches to management of left ventricular outflow obstruction risk in transcatheter mitral valve replacement. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2023;16(8):885–95.CrossRef Eleid MF, Collins JD, Mahoney P, Williamson EE, Killu AM, Whisenant BK, et al. Emerging approaches to management of left ventricular outflow obstruction risk in transcatheter mitral valve replacement. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2023;16(8):885–95.CrossRef
106.
go back to reference Al-Tawil M, Butt S, Reap S, Duric B, Harahwa T, Chandiramani A, et al. Transseptal vs transapical transcatheter mitral valve-in-valve and valve-in-ring implantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Curr Probl Cardiol. 2023;48(7):101684.CrossRef Al-Tawil M, Butt S, Reap S, Duric B, Harahwa T, Chandiramani A, et al. Transseptal vs transapical transcatheter mitral valve-in-valve and valve-in-ring implantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Curr Probl Cardiol. 2023;48(7):101684.CrossRef
107.
go back to reference Hammermeister K, Sethi GK, Henderson WG, Grover FL, Oprian C, Rahimtoola SH. Outcomes 15 years after valve replacement with a mechanical versus a bioprosthetic valve: final report of the veterans affairs randomized trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000;36(4):1152–8.PubMedCrossRef Hammermeister K, Sethi GK, Henderson WG, Grover FL, Oprian C, Rahimtoola SH. Outcomes 15 years after valve replacement with a mechanical versus a bioprosthetic valve: final report of the veterans affairs randomized trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000;36(4):1152–8.PubMedCrossRef
108.
go back to reference Sorajja P, Moat N, Badhwar V, Walters D, Paone G, Bethea B, et al. Initial feasibility study of a new transcatheter mitral prosthesis: the first 100 patients. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019;73(11):1250–60.PubMedCrossRef Sorajja P, Moat N, Badhwar V, Walters D, Paone G, Bethea B, et al. Initial feasibility study of a new transcatheter mitral prosthesis: the first 100 patients. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019;73(11):1250–60.PubMedCrossRef
109.
go back to reference Demal TJ, Conradi L. Management of valve dysfunction in patients with mitral annular calcification. Heart (British Cardiac Society). 2023. Demal TJ, Conradi L. Management of valve dysfunction in patients with mitral annular calcification. Heart (British Cardiac Society). 2023.
110.
go back to reference McCarthy PM, Whisenant B, Asgar AW, Ailawadi G, Hermiller J, Williams M, et al. Percutaneous MitraClip device or surgical mitral valve repair in patients with primary mitral regurgitation who are candidates for surgery: design and rationale of the REPAIR MR trial. J Am Heart Assoc. 2023;12(4):e027504.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef McCarthy PM, Whisenant B, Asgar AW, Ailawadi G, Hermiller J, Williams M, et al. Percutaneous MitraClip device or surgical mitral valve repair in patients with primary mitral regurgitation who are candidates for surgery: design and rationale of the REPAIR MR trial. J Am Heart Assoc. 2023;12(4):e027504.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
Metadata
Title
Current Percutaneous Approaches to Treat Mitral Valve Regurgitation
Authors
Nina C. Wunderlich, MD
Alon Shechter, MD, MHA
Martin J. Swaans, MD
Ralf Lehmann, MD
Robert J. Siegel, MD
Publication date
03-01-2024
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine / Issue 12/2023
Print ISSN: 1092-8464
Electronic ISSN: 1534-3189
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11936-023-01026-y

Keynote series | Spotlight on menopause

Menopause can have a significant impact on the body, with effects ranging beyond the endocrine and reproductive systems. Learn about the systemic effects of menopause, so you can help patients in your clinics through the transition.   

Prof. Martha Hickey
Dr. Claudia Barth
Dr. Samar El Khoudary
Developed by: Springer Medicine
Watch now

A quick guide to ECGs

Improve your ECG interpretation skills with this comprehensive, rapid, interactive course. Expert advice provides detailed feedback as you work through 50 ECGs covering the most common cardiac presentations to ensure your practice stays up to date. 

PD Dr. Carsten W. Israel
Developed by: Springer Medizin
Start the cases

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

  • Webinar | 27-06-2024 | 18:00 (CEST)

Medication non-adherence is a major barrier to effective healthcare delivery; half of all patients do not follow their doctor’s recommendations or treatment plan.

Our experts explain the fundamentals with a practical discussion of how to manage non-adherence in two common scenarios: hypertension and asthma control.

Prof. Kevin Dolgin
Prof. Florian Limbourg
Prof. Anoop Chauhan
Developed by: Springer Medicine
Watch now