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Sleep and Breathing
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18-12-2023 | Tracheostomy | Sleep Breathing Physiology and Disorders • Original Article

Preoperative sleep-disordered breathing and craniofacial abnormalities are risk factors for postoperative sleep-disordered breathing in patients undergoing skin-flap oropharyngeal reconstruction surgery for oral cavity cancer: a prospective case-control study

Authors: Fumihiro Yoshikawa, Natsuko Nozaki-Taguchi, Ayumi Yamamoto, Nozomi Tanaka, Aika Tanzawa, Katsuhiro Uzawa, Shiroh Isono

Published in: Sleep and Breathing | Issue 2/2024

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Abstract

Purpose

After oropharyngeal reconstruction surgery, excessive flap volume within the oral cavity may increase the risk of pharyngeal obstruction during sleep. This prospective observational study aimed to test a hypothesis that the skin-flap oropharyngeal reconstructive surgery increases nocturnal apnea-hypopnea index (nAHI, primary variable) after surgery.

Methods

Adult patients undergoing oropharyngeal reconstruction surgery participated in this study. The hypothesis was tested by comparing the results of portable type 4 sleep study and craniofacial assessments with lateral head and neck computed tomography scout image before and after surgery. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to identify predictors for nAHI increase after the surgery.

Results

In 15 patients, a postoperative sleep study was performed at 41 (27, 59) (median (IQR)) days after the surgery. nAHI did not increase after the surgery (mean (95% CI), 13.0 (7.2 to 18.7) to 18.4 (10.2 to 26.6) events.hour−1, p = 0.277), while apnea index significantly increased after the surgery (p = 0.026). Use of the pedicle flap for the oropharyngeal reconstruction (p = 0.051), small mandible (p = 0.008), longer lower face (0.005), and larger tongue size (p = 0.008) were independent predictors for worsening of nAHI after surgery. Hospital stay was significantly longer in patients with the pedicle flap (n = 8) than in those with the free flap (n = 7) (p = 0.014), and the period of hospital stay was directly associated with increase of nAHI after surgery (r = 0.788, p < 0.001, n = 15).

Conclusions

Oropharyngeal reconstruction surgery worsens sleep-disordered breathing in some patients with craniofacial and surgical risk factors.

Trial registration

UMIN Clinical Trial Registry (UMIN000036260, March 22, 2019), https://​rctportal.​niph.​go.​jp/​s/​detail/​um?​trial_​id=​UMIN000036260
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Metadata
Title
Preoperative sleep-disordered breathing and craniofacial abnormalities are risk factors for postoperative sleep-disordered breathing in patients undergoing skin-flap oropharyngeal reconstruction surgery for oral cavity cancer: a prospective case-control study
Authors
Fumihiro Yoshikawa
Natsuko Nozaki-Taguchi
Ayumi Yamamoto
Nozomi Tanaka
Aika Tanzawa
Katsuhiro Uzawa
Shiroh Isono
Publication date
18-12-2023
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Keyword
Tracheostomy
Published in
Sleep and Breathing / Issue 2/2024
Print ISSN: 1520-9512
Electronic ISSN: 1522-1709
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-023-02962-6

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