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22-09-2023 | SARS-CoV-2

Differential platelet activation through an interaction with spike proteins of different SARS-CoV-2 variants

Authors: Ziv Sevilya, Alona Kuzmina, Michal Cipok, Vera Hershkovitz, Danielle Keidar-Friedman, Ran Taube, Eli I. Lev

Published in: Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis | Issue 4/2023

Abstract

COVID-19 disease is associated with an increased risk of thrombotic complications, which contribute to high short-term mortality. Patients with COVID-19 demonstrate enhanced platelet turnover and reactivity, which may have a role in the development of thrombotic events and disease severity. Evidence has suggested direct interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and platelets, resulting in platelets activation. Here, we compare the effect of various SARS-CoV-2 spike variants on platelet activation. Engineered lentiviral particles were pseudotyped with spike SARS-CoV-2 variants and incubated with Platelet Rich Plasma obtained from healthy individuals. The pseudotyped SARS-CoV-2 exhibiting the wild-type Wuhan-Hu spike protein stimulated platelets to increase expression of the surface CD62P and activated αIIbβ3 markers by 3.5 ± 1.2 and 3.3 ± 0.7 fold, respectively (P = 0.004 and 0.003). The Delta variant induced much higher levels of platelet activation; CD62P expression was increased by 6.6 ± 2.2 fold and activated αIIbβ3 expression was increased by 5.0 ± 1.5 fold (P = 0.005 and 0.026, respectively). The Omicron BA.1 and the Alpha variants induced the lowest level of activation; CD62P expression was increased by 1.7 ± 0.4 and 1.6 ± 0.9 fold, respectively (P = 0.003 and 0.008), and activated αIIbβ3 expression by 1.8 ± 1.1 and 1.6 ± 0.8, respectively (P = 0.003 and 0.001). The Omicron BA.2 variant induced an increase of platelets activation comparable to the Wuhan-Hu (2.8 ± 1.2 and 2.1 ± 1.3 fold for CD62P and activated αIIbβ3 markers, respectively). The results obtained for various COVID-19 variants are in correlation with the clinical severity and mortality reported for these variants.

Graphical abstract

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Title: Differential platelet activation through an interaction with spike proteins of different SARS-CoV-2 variants
Authors: Ziv Sevilya
Alona Kuzmina
Michal Cipok
Vera Hershkovitz
Danielle Keidar-Friedman
Ran Taube
Eli I. Lev
Publication date: 22-09-2023
Publisher: Springer US
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2
COVID-19
Thrombosis
Published in: Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis / Issue 4/2023
Print ISSN: 0929-5305
Electronic ISSN: 1573-742X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11239-023-02891-x

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