Role of Gut Microbiome in Depression

The beneficial microbes or probiotics replace the hard treatment patterns in diverse arena. In the present review how we put-forth the good effects of advantageous microbes to accelerate the brain functions and suppression of gloominess in patients. Different innovative approaches especially the mood enchancement therapies to supress dipression were focused here.

Gut microbiome diversity has been strongly associated with mood relating behaviors, including major depressive disorder (MDD). This association stems from the recently characterized bi-directional communication system between the gut and the brain, mediated by neuroimmune, neuroendocrine and sensory neural pathways. Gut microbes can engage “hardwired” neural signaling between gut and brain through interaction with the enteric nervous system (ENS) and vagus nerve. Gut microbes can modulate the activity of peripheral and central immune cells leading to altered behavior and stress responses. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, affecting millions of individuals each year and this number is expected to increase significantly. The complicated microorganisms residing in human gut are closely associated with our health.

Emerging evidence has suggested possible involvement of human gut microbiome in AD. Symbiotic gut microbiomes are known to maintain brain health by modulating host’s barriers integrity, metabolic system, immune system, nervous system and endocrine system. However, in the event of gut dysbiosis and barriers disruption, gut pathobionts disrupt homeostasis of the metabolic system, immune system, nervous system and endocrine system resulting in deterioration of neurological functions and subsequently uphold development of AD. Multiple therapeutic approaches such as fecal microbiome transplant, antibiotics, prebiotics, probiotics, symbiotic and diet basis are discussed as potential treatment options for AD by manipulating the gut microbiome to reverse pathological alteration in the systems.