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Current Nutrition Reports

The Role of Betaine in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: a Narrative Review

Published in:
Authors
Livia Alvarenga
Maíra S. Ferreira
Julie A. Kemp
Denise Mafra
Published in
Current Nutrition Reports | Issue 3/2022

Abstract

Purpose of Review

This narrative review aimed to explore the functions of betaine and discuss its role in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Recent Findings

Some studies on CKD animal models have shown the benefits of betaine supplementation, including decreased kidney damage, antioxidant recovery status, and decreased inflammation.

Summary

Betaine (N-trimethylglycine) is an N-trimethylated amino acid with an essential regulatory osmotic function. Moreover, it is a methyl donor and has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Additionally, betaine has positive effects on intestinal health by regulating the osmolality and gut microbiota. Due to these crucial functions, betaine has been studied in several diseases, including CKD, in which betaine plasma levels decline with the progression of the disease. Low betaine levels are linked to increased kidney damage, inflammation, oxidative stress, and intestinal dysbiosis. Furthermore, betaine is considered an essential metabolite for identifying CKD stages.
Title
The Role of Betaine in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: a Narrative Review
Authors
Livia Alvarenga
Maíra S. Ferreira
Julie A. Kemp
Denise Mafra
Publication date
06-07-2022
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Current Nutrition Reports / Issue 3/2022
Electronic ISSN: 2161-3311
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13668-022-00426-z
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