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BMC Ophthalmology
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Open Access 01-12-2024 | Ranibizumab | Research

The analysis of foveal microvascular anomalies in retinopathy of prematurity after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy using optical coherence tomography angiography

Authors: Wenbo Liu, Lili Guo, Yi Cai, Hua Xu, Dandan Linghu, Xuemei Zhu, Yong Cheng, Xun Deng, Mingwei Zhao, Xuan Shi, Jianhong Liang

Published in: BMC Ophthalmology | Issue 1/2024

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Abstract

Background

To investigate the quantitative vascular and structural differences in the foveal region of the eyes in retinopathy of prematurity children with or without anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy and healthy children using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods

This cross-sectional study analyzed 75 eyes from 44 subjects, categorized into four groups: ROP children treated with Conbercept or Ranibizumab, spontaneously regressed ROP, and healthy age-matched children. Using spectral-domain OCT and OCTA, we assessed parameters like central foveal thickness (CFT), foveal avascular zone (FAZ), superficial/deep capillary plexus (SCP/DCP), and choroidal vessel density (VD) at the fovea. Correlations between foveal microvasculature, preterm status and visual acuity were evaluated.

Results

Significant differences were found in FAZ area, CFT, and VD-SCP (parafoveal) among the groups. The FAZ area was smaller in ROP children (with/without treatment) than in healthy counterparts(p = 0.009). CFT was higher in the Ranibizumab and spontaneously regressed groups compared to healthy ones (p = 0.043, p = 0.037), while Conbercept-treated children showed no significant difference (p = 0.886). Foveal VD trends were higher in groups A, B, and C compared to group D. FAZ area correlated negatively with CFT, VD-SCP (foveal), and VD-DCP (foveal) (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.001), and positively with choroidal VD (p = 0.012). CFT showed positive correlations with VD-SCP (foveal) and VD-DCP (foveal) (p = 0.003, p = 0.001).

Conclusion

ROP children exhibit a smaller FAZ area compared to healthy group, with no significant difference noted when comparing the use of different anti-VEGF agents. ROP children have a thicker CFT than healthy children, except for those treated with Conbercept. Furthermore, microvascular irregularities were correlated with central foveal thickness.
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Metadata
Title
The analysis of foveal microvascular anomalies in retinopathy of prematurity after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy using optical coherence tomography angiography
Authors
Wenbo Liu
Lili Guo
Yi Cai
Hua Xu
Dandan Linghu
Xuemei Zhu
Yong Cheng
Xun Deng
Mingwei Zhao
Xuan Shi
Jianhong Liang
Publication date
01-12-2024
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Ophthalmology / Issue 1/2024
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2415
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-024-03759-1

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