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Current Diabetes Reports

The Unique Ethnicity-Specific Aspects of Burden, Pathogenesis and Management of Prediabetes: Insights from Africa

Published in:
Authors
Nancy Kunyiha
Rilwan Adan
Rosslyn Ngugi
Jacqueline Odhiambo
Sairabanu Mohamedrashid Sokwalla
Published in
Current Diabetes Reports | Issue 1/2025

Abstract

Purposeof Review

Prediabetes poses a significant risk of developing diabetes and it’s complications. Africa faces specific challenges, hindering early recognition and management of prediabetes. We aimed to understand unique, ethnicity specific aspects of the burden, pathogenesis and management of prediabetes in Africa.

Recent Findings

The rate of progression from prediabetes to diabetes is higher in African, compared to European populations. Prediabetes in Africans is driven mainly by hyperinsulinemia and reduced hepatic clearance causing obesity and insulin resistance, rather than impaired insulin sensitivity. High risk, difficult to reach individuals in lower socioeconomic strata, benefited from community versus facility-based screening. Intensive lifestyle changes with low calorie or low fat-high fiber diet provide longer lasting effect versus drug monotherapy.

Summary

Using structured community-based screening, early detection of prediabetes is achievable, requiring dedicated stakeholder engagement. Further research into the etiology and sequencing of pathogenetic anomalies and preventive strategies in African populations is needed.
Title
The Unique Ethnicity-Specific Aspects of Burden, Pathogenesis and Management of Prediabetes: Insights from Africa
Authors
Nancy Kunyiha
Rilwan Adan
Rosslyn Ngugi
Jacqueline Odhiambo
Sairabanu Mohamedrashid Sokwalla
Publication date
01-12-2025
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Current Diabetes Reports / Issue 1/2025
Print ISSN: 1534-4827
Electronic ISSN: 1539-0829
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-025-01581-7
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