Pediatrics

In pediatric patients with unexplained neurological symptoms and MRI findings of lateral ventricular lesions or brainstem-thalamus-basal ganglia abnormalities, monitor closely for BD signs.

Children with early-onset atopic dermatitis may be at increased risk for uveitis, irrespective of whether they have autoimmune conditions or are receiving dupilumab.

Interleukin-6 shows promise as a biomarker to diagnose sepsis early in high-risk patient groups such as neonates, children, and pregnant women.

The first case of IgG4-related ophthalmic disease presenting as posterior scleritis along with chronic orbital inflammation in a pediatric patient, requiring aggressive immunomodulatory therapy.

A 10-year-old boy exhibited persistent pancytopenia following treatment for mucormycosis, with further diagnosis revealing AML. Septic shock soon followed, but was successfully managed with combined CRRT and CytoSorb therapy.

EBRT successfully treated diffuse choroidal hemangiomas in a 14-year-old with Sturge–Weber syndrome, offering significant tumor reduction and potential for complete remission with supplementary therapy.

An 18-year-old girl who presented for primary amenorrhea treatment was found to have a 46, XY karyotype. CAIS was diagnosed and treated. Her twin brother had a 46, XY karyotype with male physical and ultrasound features.

A young man previously diagnosed with olfactory neuroblastoma started experiencing thigh pain and was found to have a bone metastasis. Early identification of skeletal involvement and prompt orthopedic intervention is crucial.

Proton pump inhibitors are a common and effective treatment for acid-related disorders, but reported adverse effects demand consideration.

Malnutrition is common in children with cystic fibrosis, and it contributes to both poor pulmonary and overall disease outcomes. But what are the challenges when trying to optimize nutrition?

Evidence-based recommendations for PCOS in adolescents – screening, diagnosis, and risk assessment, plus psychological features, management, and models of care and transition.

What advances have been made in developing genetic therapy approaches for movement disorders such as Parkinson and Huntington diseases and rarer monogenic conditions of childhood onset?

Explorative laparoscopy was key to detecting a necrotic gallbladder in an 8-year-old boy who presented with acute abdominal pain but had no evidence of infection and unclear imaging findings.

Consensus recommendations from an international panel of experts on the use of lung ultrasound to optimize the management of neonatal respiratory distress.

Reducing the instilled drop volume could minimize patient discomfort and systemic adverse events experienced with eye drops, while improving corneal penetration and intraocular bioavailability.

Expert practical recommendations on using fenfluramine, which is the latest therapeutic option for seizure management in Dravet syndrome and Lennox–Gastaut syndrome.

Early diagnosis, multidisciplinary surveillance, and individualized treatment strategies are needed to manage the GI complications of EA/TEF and improve long-term outcomes for affected children.

Effective pain management in pediatric cardiac surgery is key to optimizing post-op outcomes and promoting faster recovery. Regional anesthetic techniques could offer relief, but what considerations should be made?

An artificial intelligence model using MRI data could help identify focal cortical dysplasia, outperforming existing diagnostic models.

Early gene therapy may improve visual acuity and functional vision in children with AIPL1-associated severe retinal dystrophy.