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Current Osteoporosis Reports

13-09-2024 | Osteoporosis | Review

Dairy and Exercise for Bone Health: Evidence from Randomized Controlled Trials and Recommendations for Future Research

Authors: Nicholas Cheng, Andrea R. Josse

Published in: Current Osteoporosis Reports

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

To examine evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on how modifiable factors such as exercise and nutrition, with a focus on dairy products, play a role in improving bone health across the lifespan.

Recent Findings

Meta-analyses of RCTs demonstrate the advantages of consuming dairy products to improve bone mineral density/content (BMD/BMC) and markers of bone metabolism and turnover (BTMs). Eighteen RCTs were conducted investigating the combined effects of dairy and exercise, with most indicating a benefit in youth and adult populations. Results were less conclusive in older adults, perhaps due to altered requirements for dairy/nutrients and exercise with increased age.  

Summary

RCTs demonstrate that dairy product consumption alone benefits bone health and can enhance the effects of exercise on bone. This may help improve skeletal growth and development in adolescence and prevent osteoporosis with increased age. Future RCTs should account for habitual nutrient intakes, and dairy dosage, timing, and matrix effects.
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Metadata
Title
Dairy and Exercise for Bone Health: Evidence from Randomized Controlled Trials and Recommendations for Future Research
Authors
Nicholas Cheng
Andrea R. Josse
Publication date
13-09-2024
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Current Osteoporosis Reports
Print ISSN: 1544-1873
Electronic ISSN: 1544-2241
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11914-024-00882-2