Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Anesthesiology Cardiology Dermatology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology General Medicine Geriatrics Hematology Infectious Diseases Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Obstetrics and Gynecology Oncology Pediatrics Psychiatry Radiology Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery Urology
Congress Coverage
2024 ESMO Congress 2024 ERS Congress 2024 EASD Congress 2024 ESC Congress 2024 EAN Congress 2024 ASCO Annual Meeting 2024 ACC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on modern management of frailty

LIVE: Thursday 17th October 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)

Frailty has a significant impact on health and wellbeing, especially in older adults. Join our experts to understand the factors that contribute to the development of frailty and find out how to manage the condition and reduce the risk of disability, dependency, and mortality.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Current Nutrition Reports

20-09-2024 | Obesity | REVIEW

Natural Remedies and Health; A Review of Bee Pollen and Bee Bread Impact on Combating Diabetes and Obesity

Authors: Hesham R. El-Seedi, Aida A. Abd El-Wahed, Suzy Salama, Neveen Agamy, Hamud A. Altaleb, Ming Du, Aamer Saeed, Alessandro Di Minno, Daijie Wang, Maria Daglia, Zhiming Guo, Hongcheng Zhang, Shaden A. M. Khalifa

Published in: Current Nutrition Reports

Login to get access

Abstract

Purpose of the Review

Diabetes and obesity are complicated multifactorial conditions that have been highlighted as a significant global burden for both health care and national budgets and their complications are considered a substantial public health concern. This review focuses on the potential anti-diabetic and anti-obesity properties of bee pollen (BP) and bee bread (BB), two bee products with a long history of use in traditional medicine and supplemental nutrition.

Recent Findings

Recent studies, encompassing cellular models, experimental models, and clinical trials, have shed light on the therapeutic potential of these bee products. BP and BB are rich in phytochemical constituents like flavonoids and phenolic acids, which are believed to confer their anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, and anti-obesity properties. These bee products have shown promising results in the treatment of diabetes and obesity, underscoring their potential as natural therapeutic tools.

Summary

BP and BB possess properties that aid in decreasing blood glucose levels and body weight. BP and BB have been found to enhance insulin sensitivity, alleviate oxidative stress, regulate appetite, adjust levels of hormones linked to obesity, while bolstering anti-oxidant defense systems. BP and BB nutritional qualities and health benefits make them promising candidates for further research towards diabetes and obesity treatment strategies
Literature
1.
2.
Carracher AM, Marathe PH, Close KL. International diabetes federation 2017. J Diabetes. 2018;10:353–6.PubMedCrossRef
3.
Papatheodorou K, Papanas N, Banach M, Papazoglou D, Edmonds M. Complications of diabetes 2016. J Diabetes Res. 2016;2016:1–3.CrossRef
4.
Wu B, Fu Z, Wang X, Zhou P, Yang Q, Jiang Y, et al. A narrative review of diabetic bone disease: Characteristics, pathogenesis, and treatment. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022;13:1–9.CrossRef
5.
World Health Organization. WHO Discussion Paper: Draft recommendations for the prevention and management of obesity over the life course, including potential targets. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2021.
6.
Obesity, W. H. O. Other Hyperalimentation (E65–E68). International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th Revision (ICD-10). Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2016.
7.
World Health Organization. WHO European regional obesity report 2022. Regional Office for Europe: World Health Organization; 2022.
8.
9.
Bathina S, Armamento-Villareal R. The complex pathophysiology of bone fragility in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus: therapeutic targets to promote osteogenesis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023;14:1168687–96.PubMedCrossRef
10.
Martiniakova M, Biro R, Penzes N, Sarocka A, Kovacova V, Mondockova V, et al. Links among obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and osteoporosis: Bone as a target. Int J Mol Sci. 2024;25:4827–66.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
11.
El-Aarag B, Shehata SB, El-Garawani IM, El-Seedi HR, Nofal AE. Regulation of oxidative stress and apoptosis in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by Egyptian Sidr. Chem Biodivers. 2024;202400351:e202400351.CrossRef
12.
Emran TB, Haque MA, Guntaka PR, Singh LP, Khan MW, Unnisa A, et al. A renewed concept on diabetic retinopathy: Polyphenols as a choice of solution. Biointerface Res Appl Chem. 2023;13:588.
13.
Islam F, Khadija JF, Islam MR, Shohag S, Mitra S, Alghamdi S, et al. Investigating polyphenol nanoformulations for therapeutic targets against diabetes mellitus. Evid-Based Complement Altern Med. 2022;2022.
14.
Mitra S, Islam F, Das R, Urmee H, Akter A, Idris AM, et al. Pharmacological potential of avicennia alba leaf extract: an experimental analysis focusing on antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antidiarrheal activity. Biomed Res Int. 2022;2022.
15.
16.
Emran TB, Dutta M, Uddin MMN, Nath AK, Uddin MZ. Antidiabetic potential of the leaf extract of Centella asiatica in alloxaninduced diabetic rats. Jahangirnagar Univ J Biol Sci. 2016;4:51–9.CrossRef
17.
Shah MS, Talukder MSH, Uddin AMK, Hasan MN, Sayem SAJ, Mostafa-Hedeab G, et al. Comparative assessment of three medicinal plants against diabetes and oxidative stress using experimental and computational approaches. Evid-Based Complement Altern Med. 2023;2023.
18.
Muzammil S, Wang Y, Siddique MH, Zubair E, Hayat S, Zubair M, et al. Polyphenolic composition, antioxidant, antiproliferative and antidiabetic activities of coronopus didymus leaf extracts. Molecules. 2022;27:6263.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
19.
20.
Lin N, Chen S, Zhang H, Li J, Fu L. Quantification of major royal jelly protein 1 in fresh royal jelly by ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Agric Food Chem. 2018;66:1270–8.PubMedCrossRef
21.
Komosinska-vassev K, Olczyk P, Ka J, Mencner L, Olczyk K. Bee pollen: Chemical composition and therapeutic application. Evid-Based Complement Altern Med. 2015;2015:1–7.CrossRef
22.
Mărgăoan R, Stranț M, Varadi A, Topal E, Yücel B, Cornea-Cipcigan M, et al. Bee collected pollen and bee bread: Bioactive constituents and health benefits. Antioxidants. 2019;8:568–600.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
23.
Kieliszek M, Piwowarek K, Kot AM, Błażejak S, Chlebowska-Śmigiel A, Wolska I. Pollen and bee bread as new health-oriented products: A review. Trends Food Sci Technol. 2018;71:170–80.CrossRef
24.
Barene I, Daberte I, Siksna S. Investigation of bee bread and development of its dosage forms. Med Teor ir Prakt. 2014;21:16–22.CrossRef
25.
Doğanyiğit Z, Yakan B, Soylu M, Kaymak E, Silici S. The effects of feeding obese rats with bee bread on leptin and ghrelin expres. Turkish J Zool. 2020;44:114–25.CrossRef
26.
27.
Amr A, Abd El-Wahed A, El-Seedi HR, Khalifa SAM, Augustyniak M, El-Samad LM, et al. UPLC-MS/MS analysis of naturally derived Apis mellifera products and their promising effects against cadmium-induced adverse effects in female rats. Nutrients. 2023;15:119–36.CrossRef
28.
Darwish AMG, Abd El-Wahed AA, Shehata MG, El-Seedi HR, Masry SHD, Khalifa SAM, et al. Chemical profiling and nutritional evaluation of bee pollen, bee bread, and royal jelly and their role in functional fermented dairy products. Molecules. 2023;28:227.
29.
Matteucci E, Giampietro O. Oxidative stress in families of type 1. Diabetes Care. 2000;23:1182–6.PubMedCrossRef
30.
Bakour M, El Menyiy N, El Ghouizi A, Lyoussi B. Hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and hepato-protective effect of bee bread in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Avicenna J Phytomedicine. 2021;11:343–52.
31.
Algethami JS, El-Wahed AAA, Elashal MH, Ahmed HR, Elshafiey EH, Omar EM, et al. Bee pollen: Clinical trials and patent applications. Nutrients. 2022;14:2858–83.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
32.
Capcarova M, Kalafova A, Schwarzova M, Schneidgenova M, Prnova MS, Svik K, et al. Consumption of bee bread influences glycaemia and development of diabetes in obese spontaneous diabetic rats. Biologia (Bratisl). 2020;75:705–11.CrossRef
33.
Bakour M, Laaroussi H, Ousaaid D, El GA, Es-safi I, Mechchate H, et al. Bee bread as a promising source of bioactive molecules and functional properties : An up-to-date review. Molecules. 2022;11:203–41.
34.
Martiniakova M, Blahova J, Kovacova V, Babikova M, Mondockova V, Kalafova A, et al. Bee bread can alleviate lipid abnormalities and impaired bone morphology in obese zucker diabetic rats. Molecules. 2021;26:2616–31.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
35.
Cheng N, Chen S, Liu X, Zhao H, Cao W. Impact of schisandrachinensis bee pollen on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and gut microbiota in highfat diet induced obese mice. Nutrients [Internet]. 2019;11:346–60 (file:///C:/Users/ascom/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Cheng et al. - 2019 - Impact of schisandrachinensis bee pollen on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and gut microbiota in highfat diet in.pdf).PubMedCrossRef
36.
Yang S, Qu Y, Chen J, Chen S, Sun L, Zhou Y, et al. Bee pollen polysaccharide From Rosa rugosa Thunb. (Rosaceae) promotes pancreatic β-cell proliferation and insulin secretion. Front Pharmacol. 2021;12:688073–81.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
37.
Denisow B, Denisow-Pietrzyk M. Biological and therapeutic properties of bee pollen: A review. J Sci Food Agric. 2016;43:4303–9.CrossRef
38.
Zhang J, Cao W, Zhao H, Guo S, Wang Q, Cheng N, et al. Protective mechanism of Fagopyrum esculentum Moench. Bee pollen EtOH extract against type II Diabetes in a high-fat diet/streptozocin-induced C57BL/6J mice. Front Nutr. 2022;9:925351.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
39.
Doganyigit Z, Yakan B, Soylu M, Kaymak E, Okan ASS. Histological, immunohistochemical and biochemical effects of bee bread on stomach tissue of obese rats. Bratisl Med J. 2020;121:504–11.CrossRef
40.
Mohamed NA, Ahmed OM, Hozayen WG, Ahmed MA. Ameliorative effects of bee pollen and date palm pollen on the glycemic state and male sexual dysfunctions in streptozotocin-Induced diabetic wistar rats. Biomed Pharmacother. 2018;97:9–18.PubMedCrossRef
41.
42.
Budi SA. Antidiabetic properties of stingless bee pollen in high-fat diet FED-low dose STZ induced experimental T2DM rats. Asian J Med Biomed. 2024;8:86–97.CrossRef
43.
Othman ZA, Syaheedah W, Ghazali W, Noordin L, Aiman N, Yusof M, et al. Phenolic compounds and the anti-atherogenic effect of bee bread in high-fat diet-induced obese rats. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2020;9:33–44.
44.
Zhen L, Qiang H, Yibo L, Chengtao P, Zhijiang Z. Natural bee bread positively regulates lipid metabolism in rats. Int J Agric Sci Food Technol. 2021;7:266–71.CrossRef
45.
Suleiman JB, Mohamed M, Bahiyah A, Bakar A, Zakaria Z, Akmal Z. Therapeutic effects of bee bread on obesity-induced decline in testicular-derived oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in high-fat diet obese rat model. Antioxidants. 2022;11:255–72.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
46.
Eleazu C, Suleiman JB, A. Othman Z, Zakaria Z, Nna VU, Mohamed M. Effect of bee bread on some biochemical parameters and skeletal muscle histology of high-fat diet-induced obese Sprague-Dawley rats. J Food Biochem. 2021;45:1–12.CrossRef
47.
48.
Li Q, Ren C, Yan S, Wang K, Hrynets Y, Xiang L, et al. Extract of unifloral Camellia sinensis . pollen collected by Apis mellifera L. honeybees exerted inhibitory effects on glucose uptake and transport by interacting with glucose transporters in human intestinal cells. J Agric Food Chem. 2021;69:1877–87.PubMedCrossRef
49.
Kazeem MI, Ashafa AOT. In-vitro antioxidant and antidiabetic potentials of Dianthus basuticus Burtt Davy whole plant extracts. J Herb Med. 2015;5:158–64.CrossRef
50.
Daudu OM. Bee pollen extracts as potential antioxidants and inhibitors of α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes-in vitro assessment. J Apic Sci. 2019;63:315–25.
51.
Denisow B, Denisow-Pietrzyk M. Biological and therapeutic properties of bee pollen: a review. J Sci Food Agric. 2016;96:4303–9.PubMedCrossRef
52.
53.
Khalid A, Naseem I. Antidiabetic and antiglycating potential of chrysin is enhanced after nano formulation: An in vitro approach. J Mol Struct. 2022;1261.
54.
Kostić A, Milinčić DD, Špirović Trifunović B, Nedić N, Gašić UM, Tešić ŽL, et al. Monofloral corn poppy bee-collected pollen—A detailed insight into its phytochemical composition and antioxidant properties. Antioxidants. 2023;12:1424–50.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
55.
Kostić A, Milinčić DD, Nedić N, Gašić UM, Trifunović BŠ, Vojt D, et al. Phytochemical profile and antioxidant properties of bee-collected artichoke (Cynara scolymus) pollen. Antioxidants. 2021;10:1091–105.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
56.
Fu Y, Jia Y, Sun Y, Liu X, Yi J, Cai S. Dietary flavonoids alleviate inflammation and vascular endothelial barrier dysfunction induced by advanced glycation end products in vitro. Nutrients. 2022;14:1026–40.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
57.
Khalifa SAM, Elashal MH, Yosri N, Du M, Musharraf SG, Nahar L, et al. Bee pollen: Current status and therapeutic potential. Nutrients. 2021;13:1876–90.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
58.
Keskin M, Özkök A. α-Amylase inhibition properties of bee pollen and bee bread (Perga). Hacettepe J Biol Chem. 2020;48:389–93.CrossRef
59.
Ilie C, Oprea E, Geana E, Spoiala A, Buleandra M, Pircalabioru GG, et al. Bee pollen extracts: Chemical composition, antioxidant properties, and effect on the growth of selected probiotic and pathogenic bacteria. Antioxidants. 2022;11:959–87.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
60.
Toutiaee S, Mojgani N, Harzandi N, Moharrami M, Mokhberosafa L. In vitro probiotic and safety attributes of Bacillus spp. isolated from beebread, honey samples and digestive tract of honeybees Apis mellifera. Lett Appl Microbiol. 2022;74:656–65.PubMedCrossRef
61.
62.
El-Seedi H, Eid N, Abd El-Wahed AA, Rateb ME, Afifi HS, Algethami AF, et al. Honey bee products: Preclinical and clinical studies of their anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. Front Nutr. 2022;8:761267–85.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
63.
64.
Akhondzadeh S. The importance of clinical trials in drug development. Avicenna J Med Biotechnol. 2016;8:2016.
65.
Liu X, Liu H, Liu H, Liu S, Liu J, Zhu Y. A blood sugar-reducing propolis pollen and preparation method thereof. CN 113080408 A. 2021.
66.
Pang Y. One kind of pharmaceutical composition with bee product and flemingia. CN 104398566 A. 2015.
67.
Bin Y. One kind of se-rich rehmannia glutinosa bee pollen lipid-lowering herbal tea. CN 104336233 A. 2015.
68.
Cheng S, Cheng Li H, Zhang F, Cheng Y, Zhu Y, Cheng SC X, Dai Y. A hypotensive and hypoglycemic fructus trichosanthis powder and processing method thereof. CN 105963566 A. 2016.
69.
Zhang K. Medicine composition containing radix trichosanthis and bee product. CN 103893254 A. 2014.
70.
Ma N, Chai H. External composition for treating diabetes mellitus and preparation method thereof. CN 106237315 A. 2016.
71.
Wu G, Fan J, Wang F. One kind of fine white ginger compound health buccal tablet and its preparation method. CN 106539022 A. 2017.
72.
Yao Z. With prebiotics composition milk tea and its preparation method. CN 107114507 A. 2017.
73.
Setyawan AB, Satria AP, Arung ET, Paramita S. Effect of bee pollen Kelulut bees on HBA1C in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Malaysian J Fundam Appl Sci. 2023;19:56–60.CrossRef
74.
Aylanc V, Falcão SI, Ertosun S, Vilas-Boas M. From the hive to the table: Nutrition value, digestibility and bioavailability of the dietary phytochemicals present in the bee pollen and bee bread. Trends Food Sci Technol. 2021;109:464–81.CrossRef
75.
Caro-Ordieres T, Marín-Royo G, Opazo-Ríos L, Jiménez-Castilla L, Moreno JA, Gómez-Guerrero C, et al. The coming age of flavonoids in the treatment of diabetic complications. J Clin Med. 2020;9:345–474.CrossRef
76.
77.
Wang X, Cai H, Shui S, Lin Y, Wang F, Wang L, et al. Chrysin stimulates subcutaneous fat thermogenesis in mice by regulating PDGFRα and microRNA expressions. J Agric Food Chem. 2021;69:5897–906.PubMedCrossRef
78.
Sousa JN, Paraíso AF, Andrade JMO, Lelis DF, Santos EM, Lima JP, et al. Oral gallic acid improve liver steatosis and metabolism modulating hepatic lipogenic markers in obese mice. Exp Gerontol. 2020;134:110881.PubMedCrossRef
79.
Fernandes AAH, Novelli ELB, Okoshi K, Okoshi MP, Di MBP, Guimarães JFC, et al. Influence of rutin treatment on biochemical alterations in experimental diabetes. Biomed Pharmacother. 2010;64:214–9.PubMedCrossRef
80.
81.
Khalifa SAM, Elashal M, Kieliszek M, Ghazala NE, Farag MA, Saeed A, et al. Recent insights into chemical and pharmacological studies of bee bread. Trends Food Sci Technol. 2020;97:300–16.CrossRef
82.
Kušic B, Balog T, Soboc S, Šverko V, Rusak G, Šaric A, et al. Antioxidant effects of flavonoid from Croatian Cystus incanus L . rich bee pollen. Food Chem Toxicol. 2009;47:547–54.PubMedCrossRef
83.
Feng X, Qin H, Shi Q, Zhang Y, Zhou F, Wu H, et al. Chrysin attenuates inflammation by regulating M1/M2 status via activating PPARγ. Biochem Pharmacol. 2014;89:503–14.PubMedCrossRef
84.
85.
Bayram NE, Gercek YC, Çelik S, Mayda N, Kostić A, Dramićanin AM, et al. Phenolic and free amino acid profiles of bee bread and bee pollen with the same botanical origin – similarities and differences. Arab J Chem. 2021;14:103004.
86.
Chu Q, Tian X, Jiang L, Ye J. Application of capillary electrophoresis to study phenolic profiles of honeybee-collected pollen. J Agric Food Chem. 2007;55:8864–9.PubMedCrossRef
87.
Punithavathi VR, Prince PSM, Kumar R, Selvakumari J. Antihyperglycaemic, antilipid peroxidative and antioxidant effects of gallic acid on streptozotocin induced diabetic Wistar rats. Eur J Pharmacol. 2011;650:465–71.PubMedCrossRef
88.
89.
Silva TMS, Camara CA, da Silva Lins AC, Maria Barbosa-Filho J, da Silva EMS, Freitas BM, et al. Chemical composition and free radical scavenging activity of pollen loads from stingless bee Melipona subnitida Ducke. J Food Compos Anal. 2006;19:507–11.CrossRef
90.
Naeini F, Namkhah Z, Tutunchi H, Rezayat SM, Mansouri S, Jazayeri-Tehrani SA, et al. Effects of naringenin supplementation in overweight/obese patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Study protocol for a randomized double-blind clinical trial. Trials. 2021;22:801–9.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
91.
Hsu CL, Wu CH, Huang SL, Yen GC. Phenolic compounds rutin and o-coumaric acid ameliorate obesity induced by high-fat Diet in rats. J Agric Food Chem. 2009;57:425–31.PubMedCrossRef
92.
Serra Bonvehi J, Soliva Torrentó M, Centelles LE. Evaluation of polyphenolic and flavonoid compounds in honeybee-collected pollen produced in Spain. J Agric Food Chem. 2001;49:1848–53.PubMedCrossRef
93.
Yang H, Yang T, Heng C, Zhou Y, Jiang Z, Qian X, et al. Quercetin improves nonalcoholic fatty liver by ameliorating inflammation, oxidative stress, and lipid metabolism in db/db mice. Phyther Res. 2019;33:3140–52.CrossRef
94.
Su L, Zeng Y, Li G, Chen J, Chen X. Quercetin improves high-fat diet-induced obesity by modulating gut microbiota and metabolites in C57BL/6J mice. Phyther Res. 2022;36:4558–72.CrossRef
95.
Wang W, Pan Y, Wang L, Zhou H, Song G, Wang Y, et al. Optimal dietary ferulic acid for suppressing the obesity-related disorders in leptin-deficient obese C57BL/6J -ob/ob mice. J Agric Food Chem. 2019;67:4250–8.PubMedCrossRef
96.
97.
Ramar M, Manikandan B, Raman T, Priyadarsini A, Palanisamy S, Velayudam M, et al. Protective effect of ferulic acid and resveratrol against alloxan-induced diabetes in mice. Eur J Pharmacol. 2012;690:226–35.PubMedCrossRef
98.
Oršolić N, Sirovina D, Odeh D, Gajski G, Balta V, Šver L, et al. Efficacy of caffeic acid on diabetes and its complications in the mouse. Molecules. 2021;26:3262–86.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
99.
100.
Newman MEJ, Barkema GT. Isorhamnetin reduces glucose level, inflammation, and oxidative stress in high-fat diet/streptozotocin diabetic mice model. Monte Carlo Methods Stat Phys. 2023;28:502–15.
101.
102.
103.
104.
105.
Magnone M, Spinelli S, Begani G, Guida L, Sturla L, Emionite L, et al. Abscisic acid improves insulin action on glycemia in insulin-deficient mouse models of type 1 diabetes. Metabolites. 2022;12:523–40.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
106.
Abo Alrob O, Al-Horani RA, Altaany Z, Nusair MB. Synergistic beneficial effects of resveratrol and diet on high-fat diet-induced obesity. Med. 2022;58:1301–10.
107.
Lee SM, Yang H, Tartar DM, Gao B, Luo X, Ye SQ, et al. Prevention and treatment of diabetes with resveratrol in a non-obese mouse model of type 1 diabetes. Diabetologia. 2011;54:1136–46.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
108.
Amir Siddiqui M, Badruddeen, Akhtar J, Uddin S, Chandrashekharan SM, Ahmad M, et al. Chrysin modulates protein kinase IKKε/TBK1, insulin sensitivity and hepatic fatty infiltration in diet-induced obese mice. Drug Dev Res. 2022;83:194–207.PubMedCrossRef
109.
Kang MK, Park SH, Choi YJ, Shin D, Kang YH. Chrysin inhibits diabetic renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis through blocking epithelial to mesenchymal transition. J Mol Med. 2015;93:759–72.PubMedCrossRef
110.
111.
Kang MK, Park SH, Kim YH, Lee EJ, Antika LD, Kim DY, et al. Chrysin ameliorates podocyte injury and slit diaphragm protein loss via inhibition of the PERK-eIF2α-ATF-CHOP pathway in diabetic mice. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2017;38:1129–40.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
112.
Lee EJ, Kang MK, Kim DY, Kim YH, Oh H, Kang YH. Chrysin inhibits advanced glycation end products-induced kidney fibrosis in renal mesangial cells and diabetic kidneys. Nutrients. 2018;10:882–92.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
113.
Li X, Gong H, Yang S, Yang L, Fan Y, Zhou Y. Pectic bee pollen polysaccharide from Rosa rugosa alleviates diet-induced hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance via induction of AMPK/mTOR-mediated autophagy. Molecules. 2017;22:699–711.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
114.
Metadata
Title
Natural Remedies and Health; A Review of Bee Pollen and Bee Bread Impact on Combating Diabetes and Obesity
Authors
Hesham R. El-Seedi
Aida A. Abd El-Wahed
Suzy Salama
Neveen Agamy
Hamud A. Altaleb
Ming Du
Aamer Saeed
Alessandro Di Minno
Daijie Wang
Maria Daglia
Zhiming Guo
Hongcheng Zhang
Shaden A. M. Khalifa
Publication date
20-09-2024
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Current Nutrition Reports
Electronic ISSN: 2161-3311
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13668-024-00567-3

2024 ESC Congress

Noise pollution dangerous for heart health

Two studies underscore the adverse impact of noise pollution on the risk for and prognosis after myocardial infarction.

Read more

Post-TAVI follow up: deploying virtual assistants

Antihypertensives: more effective at morning or night?

Low Lp(a) levels unlikely to increase the risk of diabetes

» View more highlights on the 2024 ESC Congress hub page

A quick guide to ECGs

Improve your ECG interpretation skills with this comprehensive, rapid, interactive course. Expert advice provides detailed feedback as you work through 50 ECGs covering the most common cardiac presentations to ensure your practice stays up to date. 

PD Dr. Carsten W. Israel
Developed by: Springer Medizin
Start the cases

At a glance: The STEP trials

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.

Developed by: Springer Medicine
Read more
Image Credits