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Current Obesity Reports

Open Access 27-09-2024 | Obesity | REVIEW

Diet Quality Scores, Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Authors: Alicia Larruy-García, Lubna Mahmood, María L. Miguel-Berges, Guiomar Masip, Miguel Seral-Cortés, Pilar De Miguel-Etayo, Luis A. Moreno

Published in: Current Obesity Reports

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

We aimed to examine the relationship between various diet quality scores and obesity and Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) in children and adolescents.

Recent Findings

Obesity and MetS, which increase the risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease from childhood through adolescence, have been associated with adherence to various diet quality scores.

Summary

A systematic search was performed in PubMed/Medline, Scopus, SciELO, Embase, and Cochrane, covering the period until March 2024. Two researchers evaluated 3,519 studies according to the inclusion criteria. Finally, 73 articles that analysed the relationship between diet quality scores and obesity and MetS were included, and 6 of them were included in a meta-analysis. Children younger than 12 years old showed statistically significant differences indicating a higher Mediterranean diet (MD) score adherence compared to those with a low score adherence for BMI (MD = 0.33 kg/m2, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.64) and WC values (MD = 1.21 cm, 95% CI: 0.50, 1.93). Additionally, in the meta-regression analysis, boys showed stronger associations for BMI, z-score BMI and WC (β = 19.82, 95% CI: 17.62, 22.03, β = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.33, 0.96 and β = 67.03, 95% CI: 57.29, 76.77, respectively). Studies in this review suggest an association between high adherence to different diet quality scores and low BMI. Meta-analysis assessing the association between adherence to the MD and BMI, and WC, showed a protective effect of the MD pattern against obesity outcomes. This systematic review and meta-analyses provided evidence on the effect of the diet quality on obesity and MetS in children and adolescents.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Diet Quality Scores, Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors
Alicia Larruy-García
Lubna Mahmood
María L. Miguel-Berges
Guiomar Masip
Miguel Seral-Cortés
Pilar De Miguel-Etayo
Luis A. Moreno
Publication date
27-09-2024
Publisher
Springer US
Keywords
Obesity
Obesity
Published in
Current Obesity Reports
Electronic ISSN: 2162-4968
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13679-024-00589-6

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At a glance: The STEP trials

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.

Developed by: Springer Medicine
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