Published in:

Open Access 27-02-2025 | Obesity | REVIEW

Beneath the Surface: The Emerging Role of Ultra-Processed Foods in Obesity-Related Cancer

Authors: Ioanna A. Anastasiou, Dimitris Kounatidis, Natalia G. Vallianou, Alexandros Skourtis, Krystalia Dimitriou, Ilektra Tzivaki, Georgios Tsioulos, Anastasia Rigatou, Irene Karampela, Maria Dalamaga

Published in: Current Oncology Reports | Issue 4/2025

Abstract

Purposeof Review

Ultra-processed foods (UPFs) are becoming more and more important in daily diets around the world; in some cases, they can account for as much as 60% of daily energy intake. Epidemiological evidence suggests that this shift toward high levels of food processing may be partially responsible for the global obesity epidemic and the rise in the prevalence of chronic diseases.

Recent Findings

Few prospective studies have examined the relationship between UPF consumption and cancer outcomes. According to currently available information, UPFs may increase the risk of cancer due to their obesogenic properties and exposure to substances that can cause cancer, such as certain food additives and pollution from product processing. The complex relationship between obesity and cancer involves factors such as immune dysregulation, altered adipokine and sex hormone levels, abnormal fatty acid metabolism, extracellular matrix remodeling, and chronic inflammation. Addressing cancer risk associated with UPF consumption could involve a multifaceted approach, including consumer behavior modification programs and robust public health regulations aimed at enhancing food environments. Improved knowledge of the potential dual negative impacts of UPFs on the environment and cancer risk is one of the priority areas we identify for future research and policy implications. Various approaches could be used to prevent cancers associated with UPF consumption, such as consumer behavior change programs and stricter public health regulations needed to improve the food environment.

Summary

This review examines for the first time the potential role of UPFs in cancer risk associated with obesity, exploring underlying biological mechanisms and identifying key areas for future research and policy action, including the dual environmental and health impact of UPFs.

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Title: Beneath the Surface: The Emerging Role of Ultra-Processed Foods in Obesity-Related Cancer
Authors: Ioanna A. Anastasiou
Dimitris Kounatidis
Natalia G. Vallianou
Alexandros Skourtis
Krystalia Dimitriou
Ilektra Tzivaki
Georgios Tsioulos
Anastasia Rigatou
Irene Karampela
Maria Dalamaga
Publication date: 27-02-2025
Publisher: Springer US
Keywords: Obesity
Gastrointestinal Microbiota
Oncology
Obesity
Published in: Current Oncology Reports / Issue 4/2025
Print ISSN: 1523-3790
Electronic ISSN: 1534-6269
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11912-025-01654-6

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