Aims and objectives
To recognize that paradigms in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) safety are changing due to the growth of MRI procedures worldwide,
and the number of patients with medical or implantable devices and prothesis,
increasing the probability to perform MRI examinations to these patients;
To identify and to know that exist new concepts in terms of MRI safety,
besides Specific Absorption Rate (SAR),such as: B1 + rms,
the Fixed Parameter Option (FPO:B) and thecumulative equivalent minutes at 43 °C (CEM43ºC).
Methods and materials
A bibliographic research was carried out on relevant databases.
Guidelines and reports from recognized international entities and commissions,
such as International Electrotechnical Comission (IEC),European Commission (EC) and International Commision on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP),have been taken into account.
Results
With an aging population,
implantable medical devices,
such as cardiac devices,
deep brain stimulation systems,
metallic prothesisare becoming increasingly prevalent.
Also the prevalence of conditions needing an MRI examination,
such as neurodegenerative diseases,
cancer,
and musculoskeletal diseases,
increases with age.
So,
patients with medical implants in a certain point of their lives will have to perform a MRI examination.
It is known that not all implanted devices are an absolute contraindication for MRI.
Many patients have implants called MRI Conditional andcan undergo MRI,
but only...
Conclusion
MRI is an imaging technique widely accepted by medical community and it is wide spreadingworldwide,
increasing the number of MRI performed,
even in patients with implantable medical devices and prothesis.
There are different types of risks and effects associated to the three differente electromagnetic fields used in MRI examinations.
There are new paradigms besides the attraction forces,
torque forces,
induced voltages from TVGF,
SAR values and its modes in MRI safety field.
B1 + rms is the better parameter to use when radiographers scan a...
References
Crook,
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A review of the safety implications of magnetic resonance imaging at field strengths of 3 Tesla and above.
Radiography,
15(4),
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(2005).
Present and future magnetic resonance sources of exposure to static fields.
Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology,
87(2–3 SPEC.
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175–183.
Normal 0 21 false false false PT JA X-NONE ICNIRP.
(2009).
Guidelines on Limits of Exposure To Static Magnetic Fields.
Health Physics,
96(4),
504–514....