Serum γ-glutamyltransferase, triglyceride and total cholesterol are possible prediabetic risk markers in young Japanese men

Yuko Akehi; Yoko Tsutsumi; Aki Tatsumoto; Ryoko Yoshida; Kumiko Ohkubo; Hiromasa Takenoshita; Tadachika Kudo; Kenji Ashida; Keizo Anzai; Takaaki Yamashita; Hironobu Kawashima; Junko Ono; Toshihiko Yanase

doi:10.1507/endocrj.K10E-174

Yuko Akehi, Yoko Tsutsumi, Aki Tatsumoto, Ryoko Yoshida, Kumiko Ohkubo, Hiromasa Takenoshita, Tadachika Kudo, Kenji Ashida, Keizo Anzai, Takaaki Yamashita, Hironobu Kawashima, Junko Ono, Toshihiko Yanase

Author information

Yuko Akehi
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Mellitus, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
Yoko Tsutsumi
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Mellitus, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
Aki Tatsumoto
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Mellitus, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
Ryoko Yoshida
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Mellitus, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
Kumiko Ohkubo
Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
Hiromasa Takenoshita
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Mellitus, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
Tadachika Kudo
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Mellitus, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
Kenji Ashida
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Mellitus, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
Keizo Anzai
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Mellitus, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
Takaaki Yamashita
Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
Hironobu Kawashima
Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
Junko Ono
Murakamikarindo Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
Toshihiko Yanase
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Mellitus, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan

Keywords: Insulin sensitivity, γ-glutamyltransferase, Triglyceride, Normal glucose tolerance, Elevated 1-h plasma glucose

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

2010 Volume 57 Issue 11 Pages 981-989

DOI https://doi.org/10.1507/endocrj.K10E-174

View "Advance Publication" version (October 13, 2010).

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Abstract

Serum profiles of lipids and⁄or liver enzymes are established markers for the estimation of insulin resistance and diabetic risk in the non-diabetic middle-aged population. To identify prediabetic markers in young subjects, 110 young male subjects (20-29 years of age) with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) were divided into two groups by median body mass index (BMI), <22.18 (n=55) and ≥22.18 (n=55) kg⁄m². Indices of insulin sensitivity including HOMA-IR and ISI composite, indices of β-cell function including HOMA-β, insulinogenic index (ΔI₃₀⁄ΔG₃₀) and ΔI₃₀⁄ΔG₃₀⁄ HOMA-IR were calculated. Statistical associations between these parameters and the serum lipid profiles and liver function were evaluated. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT), total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels were inversely correlated with the ISI composite among individuals with BMI ≥22.18 kg⁄m² but not those with BMI <22.18 kg⁄m². Multivariate regression analysis revealed that, in Group N, the plasma glucose levels at 60 min (PG₆₀) were inversely correlated with the ISI composite and the insulinogenic index, and were positively correlated with the GGT, TC and TG levels. On the other hand, in Group L, PG₆₀ was correlated with the insulinogenic index, TC and TG levels. In conclusion, elevated levels of GGT, TC and TG are good clinical markers to predict diabetic risks, even in young NGT males. Of these, GGT was the most strongly related factor among subjects with relatively high BMI.

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