The purpose of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of magnetization transfer contrast (MTC) as a technique to reflect histopathological changes in the white matter adjacent to the frontal horns of the lateral ventricles. Radiological-pathological correlation was performed in six patients who underwent Magnetic Resonance (MR) examination prior to death and in whom postmortem examinations of the brain were obtained. The extent and the severity of degeneration in the white matter adjacent to the frontal horns were evaluated histopathologically, and compared with those observed on the conventional proton density (PD) weighted MR images (Group 1). Changes in the white matter of another 35 patients were classified into three types according to the pattern of high signals adjacent to the frontal horns on conventional PD weighted MR images, and magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) in the white matter adjacent to the frontal horns was calculated from multi-slice and single-slice FSE images (Group 2.) The relationship between signal intensities and MTR in the white matter adjacent to the frontal horns was evaluated. The extent of degeneration in the white matter adjacent to the frontal horns was classified into mild, moderate and severe types on the basis of stainin for myelins, axons and astrocytes. In Group 1, histopathological findings indicated a difference in severity of degeneration in the white matter adjacent to the frontal horns among the three types, while no significant differences were noted in the signals on PD weighted MR images. In Group 2, MTR showed significant differences in the signal intensities in the white matter adjacent to the frontal horns (p<0.01) between the three types, while conventional PD weighted MR images failed to differentiate between them. In conclusion, MT imaging is a sensitive technique to evaluate the histopathological changes in the white matter adjacent to the frontal horns that cannot be detected by conventional MR imaging. (J Nippon Med Sch 1999; 66: 245-252)