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Living with CHD: quality of life (QOL) in early adult life

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 August 2014

Maria E. G. Areias ,
Catarina I. Pinto ,
Patrícia F. Vieira ,
Marta Castro ,
Isabela Freitas ,
Sofia Sarmento ,
Samantha Matos ,
Victor Viana  and
José C. Areias
Maria E. G. Areias*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Instituto Superior de Ciências da Saúde do Norte (CESPU), Gandra, Portugal CINEICC, Centro de Investigação do Núcleo de Estudos e Intervenção Cognitivo-Comportamental, Coimbra, Portugal
Catarina I. Pinto
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Instituto Superior de Ciências da Saúde do Norte (CESPU), Gandra, Portugal UNIPSA, Unidade de Investigação de Psicologia e Saúde, Gandra, Portugal
Patrícia F. Vieira
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Instituto Superior de Ciências da Saúde do Norte (CESPU), Gandra, Portugal UNIPSA, Unidade de Investigação de Psicologia e Saúde, Gandra, Portugal
Marta Castro
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Instituto Superior de Ciências da Saúde do Norte (CESPU), Gandra, Portugal UNIPSA, Unidade de Investigação de Psicologia e Saúde, Gandra, Portugal
Isabela Freitas
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Instituto Superior de Ciências da Saúde do Norte (CESPU), Gandra, Portugal UNIPSA, Unidade de Investigação de Psicologia e Saúde, Gandra, Portugal
Sofia Sarmento
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Instituto Superior de Ciências da Saúde do Norte (CESPU), Gandra, Portugal UNIPSA, Unidade de Investigação de Psicologia e Saúde, Gandra, Portugal
Samantha Matos
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Instituto Superior de Ciências da Saúde do Norte (CESPU), Gandra, Portugal UNIPSA, Unidade de Investigação de Psicologia e Saúde, Gandra, Portugal
Victor Viana
Affiliation:
Department of Paediatrics Cardiology, Hospital São João, Porto Medical School, University of Porto, Portugal Faculty of Nutrition, University of Porto, Portugal
José C. Areias
Affiliation:
Department of Paediatrics Cardiology, Hospital São João, Porto Medical School, University of Porto, Portugal Unidade de Investigação Cardiovascular, Porto, Portugal
*
Correspondence to: M. E. G. Areias, Department of Psychology, Instituto Superior de Ciências da Saúde – Norte, Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 GANDRA PRD, Portugal. Tel:+91 930 97 66, +22 415 71 86; Fax:+22 415 71 02; E-mail: metega@sapo.pt
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Abstract

Aims

The aim of this study was to assess the quality of life, psychiatric morbidity, and the psychosocial adjustment of adolescents and young adults with CHD, and determine which variables play a role in buffering stress and promoting resilience and which ones have a detrimental effect; and to investigate the situation on school performance and failures, social and family support, physical limitations, and body image of these patients.

Methods

The study enrolled 137 CHD patients (79 male), with age ranging from 12 to 26 years old (M=17.60±3.450 years). The patients were interviewed regarding social support, family educational style, self-image, demographic information, and physical limitations. They responded to questions in a standardised psychiatric interview (SADS-L) and completed self-reported questionnaires for the assessment of quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF) and psychosocial adjustment (YSR/ASR).

Results

We found a 19.7% lifetime prevalence of psychopathology in our patients (27.6% in female and 13.9% in male). Of them, 48% had retentions in school (M=1.61 year±0.82). The perception of quality of life in CHD patients is better compared with the Portuguese population in the social relationships and environmental dimensions. However, it is worse in complex forms of CHD than in moderate-to-mild ones, in cyanotic versus acyanotic patients, in moderate-to-severe versus mild residual lesions, in patients submitted versus those not submitted to surgery, in patients with versus without physical limitations, and patients who have need for medication versus those who do not. Social support is very important in improving quality of life of patients in all dimensions as well as academic performance.

Conclusions

Female patients and patients with poor academic performance and poor social support have worse psychosocial adjustment and perception of quality of life.

Keywords

Psychosocial adjustmentpsychiatric morbiditycongenital heart diseasesquality of lifesocial support
Type
Original Article
Information
Cardiology in the Young , Volume 24 , Issue S2: Fetal cardiovascular medicine: current perspectives and future hopes , October 2014 , pp. 60 - 65
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2014 

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