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Predictors of health anxiety among older and young adults

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 July 2012

Lindsay A. Gerolimatos  and
Barry A. Edelstein
Lindsay A. Gerolimatos*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, West Virginia University, West Virginia, USA
Barry A. Edelstein
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, West Virginia University, West Virginia, USA
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: Lindsay A. Gerolimatos, Department of Psychology, West Virginia University, 53 Campus Drive, PO Box 6040, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA. Phone: +1-304-293-8639; Fax: +1-304-293-6606. Email: Lindsay.Gerolimatos@mail.wvu.edu.
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Abstract

Background: Many older adults have at least one chronic disease and experience greater health problems than young adults. However, little is known about factors other than health that account for health anxiety (HA) among older adults. The overall objective of the present study was to develop a better understanding of HA among older and young adults.

Methods: We examined how anxiety-related constructs (anxiety sensitivity, intolerance of uncertainty, anxiety control, and emotion regulation) predict two core components of HA described in the cognitive–behavioral model of HA (illness likelihood and negative consequences) in older and young adults. We also examined the extent to which the predictor variables differentially account for HA in both age groups. Older and young adult participants completed several self-report surveys.

Results: Young adults reported higher levels of HA than older adults. Anxiety sensitivity and reappraisal predicted illness likelihood for older and young adults. Intolerance of uncertainty predicted negative consequences in both age groups. Anxiety sensitivity predicted negative consequences for older adults only. Anxiety control did not predict illness likelihood or negative consequences for either age group.

Conclusions: Results suggest that anxiety sensitivity and intolerance of uncertainty may predispose older and young adults to HA, which is influenced by reappraisal. Implications for the cognitive–behavioral model of HA in both age groups are discussed.

Keywords

anxiety sensitivityintolerance of uncertaintyemotion regulationanxiety control
Type
Research Article
Information
International Psychogeriatrics , Volume 24 , Issue 12 , December 2012 , pp. 1998 - 2008
Copyright
Copyright © International Psychogeriatric Association 2012

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