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Rule violation errors are associated with right lateral prefrontal cortex atrophy in neurodegenerative disease

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 May 2009

KATHERINE L. POSSIN ,
SIMONA M. BRAMBATI ,
HOWARD J. ROSEN ,
JULENE K. JOHNSON ,
JUDY PA ,
MICHAEL W. WEINER ,
BRUCE L. MILLER  and
JOEL H. KRAMER
KATHERINE L. POSSIN*
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
SIMONA M. BRAMBATI
Affiliation:
Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
HOWARD J. ROSEN
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
JULENE K. JOHNSON
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
JUDY PA
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
MICHAEL W. WEINER
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
BRUCE L. MILLER
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
JOEL H. KRAMER
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
*
*Correspondence and reprint requests to: Katherine L. Possin, 350 Parnassus Ste. 905, San Francisco, California 94143-1207. E-mail: kpossin@memory.ucsf.edu
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Abstract

Good cognitive performance requires adherence to rules specific to the task at hand. Patients with neurological disease often make rule violation (RV) errors, but the anatomical basis for RV during cognitive testing remains debated. The present study examined the neuroanatomical correlates of RV errors made on tests of executive functioning in 166 subjects diagnosed with neurodegenerative disease or as neurologically healthy. Specifically, RV errors were voxel-wisely correlated with gray matter volume derived from high-definition magnetic resonance images using voxel-based morphometry implemented in SPM2. Latent variable analysis showed that RV errors tapped a unitary construct separate from repetition errors. This analysis was used to generate factor scores to represent what is common among RV errors across tests. The extracted RV factor scores correlated with tissue loss in the lateral middle and inferior frontal gyri and the caudate nucleus bilaterally. When a more stringent control for global cognitive functioning was applied using Mini Mental State Exam scores, only the correlations with the right lateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) remained significant. These data underscore the importance of right lateral PFC in behavioral monitoring and highlight the potential of RV error assessment for identifying patients with damage to this region. (JINS, 2009, 15, 354–364.)

Keywords

Cognitive controlNeuropsychological assessmentExecutive functioningVoxel-based morphometryInhibitionFrontal lobe
Type
Research Articles
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 15 , Issue 3 , May 2009 , pp. 354 - 364
Copyright
Copyright © The International Neuropsychological Society 2009

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