Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-ndmmz Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-29T10:47:11.348Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Anatomy and echocardiography of the normal and abnormal mitral valve

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 October 2006

Alfred Asante-Korang ,
Patrick W. O'Leary  and
Robert H. Anderson
Alfred Asante-Korang
Affiliation:
The Congenital Heart Institute of Florida, University of South Florida, St Petersburg, Florida, United States of America
Patrick W. O'Leary
Affiliation:
Pediatric Cardiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
Robert H. Anderson
Affiliation:
Cardiac Unit, Institute of Child Health, University College, London, United Kingdom
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Unlike the tricuspid valve, the mitral valve has frequently received the attention of anatomists. Indeed, the drawings made by Leonardo da Vinci still retain their currency,1 whilst it was no less a personage than Andreas Vesalius who, as far as we know, first likened the bifoliate appearance of the valve to the Episcopal mitre. It was also Vesalius who recommended that the two leaflets be described as aortic and mural, reflecting their respective relationships to the aortic valve and the parietal atrioventricular junction. It was Roberts and Perloff,2 however, who emphasized the necessity, for clinical purposes, of analyzing not only the valvar leaflets, but also the overall valvar complex. As we will demonstrate in our review, this approach to analysis also proves its worth for the echocardiographic recognition of the congenitally malformed valve.

Keywords

Atrioventricular valvesShone's complexparachute valveprolapse
Type
The Atrioventricular Valves
Information
Cardiology in the Young , Volume 16 , Supplement S3: Controversies and Challenges of the Atrioventricular Junctions and Other Challenges Facing Paediatric Cardiovascular Practitioners and their Patients , September 2006 , pp. 27 - 34
Copyright
© 2006 Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Kanani M, Anderson RH. The anatomy of the mitral valve: A retrospective analysis of yesterday's future. J Heart Valve Disease 2003; 12: 543–547.Google Scholar
Perloff JK, Roberts WC. The mitral apparatus. Functional anatomy of mitral regurgitation. Circulation 1972; 46: 227–239.Google Scholar
Martinez RM, O'Leary PW, Anderson RH. Anatomy and echocardiography of the normal and abnormal tricuspid valve. Cardiol Young 2006; 16: this issue.Google Scholar
Quintessenza J, Morell V, Jacobs JP. Achieving a balance in the current approach to the surgical treatment of hypoplastic left heart syndrome. Cardiol Young 2004; 14: 127–130.Google Scholar
Shone JD, Sellers RD, Anderson RC, Adams PJ, Lillehei CW, Edwards JE. The development complex of “parachute mitral valve”, supravalvular ring of left atrium, subaortic stenosis, and coarctation of the aorta. Am J Cardiol 1963; 11: 714–725.Google Scholar
Stellin G, Zuberbuhler JR, Anderson RH, Siewers RD. The surgical anatomy of the Taussig-Bing malformation. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1987; 93: 560–569.Google Scholar
Mahle WT, Shirali GS, Anderson RH. Echo-morphological correlates in patients with atrioventricular septal defect and common atrioventricular junction. Cardiol Young 2006; 16: this issue.Google Scholar
Kanani M, Moorman AFM, Cook AC, et al. Development of the atrioventricular valves: Clinicomorphologic correlations. Ann Thorac Surg 2005; 79: 1797–1804.Google Scholar
Edwards WD. Classification and Terminology of Cardiovascular Anomalies. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2001.Google Scholar
Barron JV, Sahn DJ, Valdes-Cruz LM, et al. Two-dimensional echocardiographic evaluation of overriding and straddling atrioventricular valves associated with complex congenital heart disease. Am Heart J 1984; 107: 1006–1014.Google Scholar
Hanseus K, Bjorkhem G, Lundstrom NR. Dimensions of cardiac chambers and great vessels by cross-sectional echocardiography in infants and children. Pediatr Cardiol 1988; 9: 7–15.Google Scholar
Banerjee A, Kohl T, Silverman NH. Echocardiographic evaluation of congenital mitral valve anomalies in children. Am J Cardiol 1995; 76: 1284–1291.Google Scholar
Silverman NH, McElhinney DB. Atrioventricular valve dysfunction: Evaluation by Doppler and cross-sectional ultrasound. Ann Thorac Surg 1998; 66: 653–658.Google Scholar
Dearani JA, Danielson GK. Septal myectomy for obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Annual 2005: 86–91.Google Scholar