Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-ndmmz Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-28T02:05:57.664Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Molecular characterization of Giardia duodenalis isolated from Semai Pahang Orang Asli (Peninsular Malaysia aborigines)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 August 2009

A. K. MOHAMMED MAHDY ,
JOHARI SURIN ,
A. MOHD-ADNAN ,
K.-L. WAN  and
Y. A. L. LIM
A. K. MOHAMMED MAHDY*
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen
JOHARI SURIN
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
A. MOHD-ADNAN
Affiliation:
School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor DE, Malaysia
K.-L. WAN
Affiliation:
School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor DE, Malaysia
Y. A. L. LIM
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
*
*Corresponding author: Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Tel: +603 7967 4746. Fax: +603 7967 4754. E-mail: alsharaby9@yahoo.com
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

This study was conducted to determine the genotypes of Giardia duodenalis isolated from human faecal samples at Pos Betau, Pahang, Malaysia. Faecal specimens were collected and examined for G. duodenalis cysts using Trichrome staining techniques. Molecular identification was carried out by the amplification of a region of the small subunit of the nuclear ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene using nested PCR and subsequent sequencing. The sequences from 15 isolates from G. duodenalis were subjected to phylogenetic analysis (including appropriate outgroups) using the neighbor-joining and maximum parsimony methods. The trees identified G. duodenalis assemblages A and B, with a predominance of assemblage B. The predominance of anthroponotic genotypes indicates the possibility of anthroponotic transmission of these protozoa in this Semai Pahang Orang Asli community.

Keywords

Giardia duodenalisassemblage BgenotypesSemai Pahang Orang Asli
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 136 , Issue 11 , September 2009 , pp. 1237 - 1241
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2009

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Altschul, S. F., Madden, T. L., Schaffer, A. A., Zhang, J., Zhang, Z., Miller, W. and Lipman, D. J. (1997). Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programs. Nucleic Acids Research 25, 3389–3402.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Aydin, A. F., Besirbellioglu, B. A., Avci, I. Y., Tanyuksel, M., Araz, E. and Pahsa, A. (2004). Classification of Giardia duodenalis parasites in Turkey into groups A and B using restriction fragment length polymorphism. Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease 50, 147–151.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berrilli, F., Di Cave, D., D'orazi, C., Orecchia, P., Xhelilaj, L., Bejko, D., Caca, P., Bebeci, D., Cenko, F., Donia, D. and Divizia, M. (2006). Prevalence and genotyping of human isolates of Giardia duodenalis from Albania. Parasitology International 55, 295–297.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Caccio, S. M., Thompson, R. C., McLauchlin, J. and Smith, H. V. (2005). Unravelling Cryptosporidium and Giardia epidemiology. Trends in Parasitology 21, 430–437.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Eligio-Garcia, L., Cortes-Campos, A. and Jimenez-Cardoso, E. (2005). Genotype of Giardia intestinalis isolates from children and dogs and its relationship to host origin. Parasitology Research 97, 1–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fayer, R., Santin, M., Trout, J. M., Destefano, S., Koenen, K. and Kaur, T. (2006). Prevalence of Microsporidia, Cryptosporidium spp., and Giardia spp. in beavers (Castor canadensis) in Massachusetts. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 37, 492–497.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Felsenstein, J. (1985). Confidence limits on phylogenies: an approach using the bootstrap. Evolution 39, 9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gelanew, T., Lalle, M., Hailu, A., Pozio, E. and Caccio, S. M. (2007). Molecular characterization of human isolates of Giardia duodenalis from Ethiopia. Acta Tropica 102, 92–99.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hopkins, R. M., Meloni, B. P., Groth, D. M., Wetherall, J. D., Reynoldson, J. A. and Thompson, R. C. (1997). Ribosomal RNA sequencing reveals differences between the genotypes of Giardia isolates recovered from humans and dogs living in the same locality. Journal of Parasitology 83, 44–51.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Itagaki, T., Kinoshita, S., Aoki, M., Itoh, N., Saeki, H., Sato, N., Uetsuki, J., Izumiyama, S., Yagita, K. and Endo, T. (2005). Genotyping of Giardia intestinalis from domestic and wild animals in Japan using glutamate dehydrogenase gene sequencing. Veterinary Parasitology 133, 283–287.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kimura, M. (1980). A simple method for estimating evolutionary rates of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences. Journal of Molecular Evolution 16, 111–120.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lalle, M., Pozio, E., Capelli, G., Bruschi, F., Crotti, D. and Caccio, S. M. (2005). Genetic heterogeneity at the beta-giardin locus among human and animal isolates of Giardia duodenalis and identification of potentially zoonotic subgenotypes. International Journal for Parasitology 35, 207–213.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lim, Y. A. and Ahmad, R. A. (2004). Occurrence of Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts in the Temuan Orang Asli (aborigine) river system. Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health 35, 801–810.Google ScholarPubMed
Lim, Y. A., Ahmad, R. A. and Smith, H. V. (2008). Current status and future trends in Cryptosporidium and Giardia epidemiology in Malaysia. Journal of Water and Health 6, 239–254.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marshall, M. M., Naumovitz, D., Ortega, Y. and Sterling, C. R. (1997). Waterborne protozoan pathogens. Clinical Microbiology Research 10, 67–85.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mohammed Mahdy, A. K., Lim, Y. A., Surin, J., Wan, K. L. and Al-Mekhlafi, M. S. (2008). Risk factors for endemic giardiasis: highlighting the possible association of contaminated water and food. Transaction of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 102, 465–470.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Monis, P. T., Andrews, R. H., Mayrhofer, G. and Ey, P. L. (1999). Molecular systematics of the parasitic protozoan Giardia intestinalis. Molecular Biology and Evolution 16, 1135–1144.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nei, M. and Kumar, S. (2000). Molecular Evolution and Phylogenetics, 1st Edn. Oxford University Press, New York, USA.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nichols, R. A., Campbell, B. M. and Smith, H. V. (2003). Identification of Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts in United Kingdom noncarbonated natural mineral waters and drinking waters by using a modified nested PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 69, 4183–4189.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Read, C., Walters, J., Robertson, I. D. and Thompson, R. C. (2002). Correlation between genotype of Giardia duodenalis and diarrhoea. International Journal for Parasitology 32, 229–231.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Read, C. M., Monis, P. T. and Thompson, R. C. (2004). Discrimination of all genotypes of Giardia duodenalis at the glutamate dehydrogenase locus using PCR-RFLP. Infection, Genetics and Evolution 4, 125–130.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sulaiman, I. M., Jiang, J., Singh, A. and Xiao, L. (2004). Distribution of Giardia duodenalis genotypes and subgenotypes in raw urban wastewater in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70, 3776–3780.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Trout, J. M., Santin, M. and Fayer, R. (2006). Giardia and Cryptosporidium species and genotypes in coyotes (Canis latrans). Journal of Zoo Wildlife Medicine 37, 141–144.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
van Der Giessen, J. W., De Vries, A., Roos, M., Wielinga, P., Kortbeek, L. M. and Mank, T. G. (2006). Genotyping of Giardia in Dutch patients and animals: a phylogenetic analysis of human and animal isolates. International Journal for Parasitology 36, 849–858.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
van Keulen, H., Macechko, P. T., Wade, S., Schaaf, S., Wallis, P. M. and Erlandsen, S. L. (2002). Presence of human Giardia in domestic, farm and wild animals, and environmental samples suggests a zoonotic potential for giardiasis. Veterinary Parasitology 108, 97–107.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wheatley, W. B. (1951). A rapid staining procedure for intestinal amoebae and flagellates. American Journal of Clinical Pathology 21, 990–991.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Xiao, L., Lal, A. A., Jiang, J. (2004). Methods in molecular biology: public health microbiology. In Methods and Protocols (ed. Spencer, I. F. T. and Ragout de Spencer, A. L.), pp. 177–187. Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ, USA.Google Scholar
Yason, J. A. and Rivera, W. L. (2007). Genotyping of Giardia duodenalis isolates among residents of slum area in Manila, Philippines. Parasitology Research 101, 681–687.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed