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Neuroradiology

20-11-2023 | Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis | Diagnostic Neuroradiology

Cerebellar peduncle damage in Langerhans cell histiocytosis-associated neurodegenerative disease revealed by diffusion tensor imaging

Authors: Tomohiko Imai, Kenichi Sakamoto, Tatsuji Hasegawa, Yoko Shioda, Yoshiyuki Tsutsumi, Satoshi Sakaue, Toshihiko Imamura, Akira Morimoto, Tomoko Iehara

Published in: Neuroradiology

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Abstract

Purpose

To confirm the hypothesis that brain white matter damage is involved in the pathogenesis and disease progression of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH)-associated neurodegenerative disease (ND), we aimed to analyze pediatric patients with LCH using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).

Methods

We enrolled 33 patients with LCH and obtained 33 DTI datasets. Using DTI-based tractography, fractional anisotropy (FA), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD) were measured in the cerebral and cerebellar white matter tracts. The participants were divided into three groups—non-ND, ND without clinical symptoms (r-ND), and ND with clinical symptoms (c-ND)—according to their clinical status during the examination with DTI. We compared the DTI parameters in white matter tracts were compared among the three groups.

Results

In the order of non-ND, r-ND, and c-ND groups, the FA in superior cerebellar peduncle (SCP) and middle cerebellar peduncle (MCP) significantly decreased, the ADC, AD, and RD of MCP, and the RD of SCP were significantly elevated (FA-SCP; p < 0.001, FA-MCP; p = 0.026, ADC-MCP; p < 0.001, AD-MCP; p = 0.002, RD-MCP; p = 0.003, and RD-SCP; p = 0.018). Furthermore, in the simple linear regression analysis, the FA, ADC, AD, and RD values in the MCP and the FA value in the SCP were significantly influenced by the presence of neurological symptoms and ND findings on MRI (all p < 0.001).

Conclusion

In LCH-ND, we identified microstructural damage in the SCP and MCP. DTI parameters in these tracts may help monitor LCH-ND; therefore, future studies are required to validate these results in a large cohort.
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Metadata
Title
Cerebellar peduncle damage in Langerhans cell histiocytosis-associated neurodegenerative disease revealed by diffusion tensor imaging
Authors
Tomohiko Imai
Kenichi Sakamoto
Tatsuji Hasegawa
Yoko Shioda
Yoshiyuki Tsutsumi
Satoshi Sakaue
Toshihiko Imamura
Akira Morimoto
Tomoko Iehara
Publication date
20-11-2023
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Neuroradiology
Print ISSN: 0028-3940
Electronic ISSN: 1432-1920
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00234-023-03249-z