Episode 24 Looking back at 2025

In this special edition of Medicine Matters, we're joined by Dr Gregory Lim, Claire Greenhill, and Sarah Onuora, Chief Editors of Nature Reviews Cardiology, Endocrinology, and Rheumatology, for a look back at the advances in their specialties in 2025.

Find out what caught their attention and why, and what they're looking forward to in 2026.

Read the transcript

« Previous episode: Episode 23: Improving dysphagia outcomes

Further reading 

Nature Reviews Cardiology

• Aggarwal, B., Gao, Y., Alfini, A. et al. Sleep and circadian rhythms in cardiovascular resilience: mechanisms, implications, and a Roadmap for research and interventions. Nat Rev Cardiol (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41569-025-01188-1

• Schuermans, A., Honigberg, M.C. Clonal haematopoiesis in cardiovascular disease: prognostic role and novel therapeutic target. Nat Rev Cardiol 22, 845–856 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41569-025-01148-9

• Lim, G.B. Influenza vaccination reduces hospitalization and improves heart failure outcomes. Nat Rev Cardiol 22, 838 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41569-025-01219-x

• Münzel, T., Hahad, O., Lelieveld, J. et al. Soil and water pollution and cardiovascular disease. Nat Rev Cardiol 22, 71–89 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41569-024-01068-0

• Münzel, T., Sørensen, M., Hahad, O. et al. The contribution of the exposome to the burden of cardiovascular disease. Nat Rev Cardiol 20, 651–669 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41569-023-00873-3

Nature Reviews Endocrinology

• Müller, T.D. Advances in incretin-based drug discovery in 2025. Nat Rev Endocrinol (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-025-01219-4

• Touvier, M. Health effects of ultra-processed food: uncovering causal mechanisms. Nat Rev Endocrinol (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-025-01218-5

• Juul, F., Martinez-Steele, E., Parekh, N. et al. The role of ultra-processed food in obesity. Nat Rev Endocrinol 21, 672–685 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-025-01143-7

• Falhammar, H., Lajic, S. & Nordenström, A. Recent advances in treatments for congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Nat Rev Endocrinol 21, 197–198 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-025-01089-w

• Arenillas, C., Toledo, R.A. FDA fast-track approval of belzutifan is a milestone in rare cancer therapy. Nat Rev Endocrinol 21, 739–740 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-025-01183-z

Nature Reviews Rheumatology

• Xu, H. The dawn of ‘off-the-shelf’ B cell-depleting therapies for autoimmune diseases. Nat Rev Rheumatol (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41584-025-01343-5

• Stockfelt, M., Teng, Y.K.O. & Vital, E.M. Opportunities and limitations of B cell depletion approaches in SLE. Nat Rev Rheumatol 21, 111–126 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41584-024-01210-9

• Wobma, H., Ardoin, S.P., Bonifant, C.L. et al. CAR T cell therapy for children with rheumatic disease: the time is now. Nat Rev Rheumatol 21, 494–506 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41584-025-01272-3

• Karacabeyli, D., Lacaille, D. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in arthritis: current insights and future directions. Nat Rev Rheumatol 21, 671–683 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41584-025-01302-0

• Haberman, R.H., Ogdie, A., Merola, J.F. et al. The obesity–inflammation axis in psoriatic disease: mechanisms and therapeutic strategies. Nat Rev Rheumatol (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41584-025-01326-6

• Knevel, R. Advances in AI-based patient stratification for rheumatic diseases. Nat Rev Rheumatol (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41584-025-01337-3

• Mahajan, A., Bates, D.W., Liao, K.P. et al. Advancing rheumatic disease care through generative artificial intelligence. Nat Rev Rheumatol (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41584-025-01310-0