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Internal Medicine

Editor's Choice

ICI-induced encephalitis in a patient with HCC

Only the third reported case of encephalitis in a patient receiving atezolizumab plus bevacizumab for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. The neurological symptoms quickly improved once steroid pulse therapy was started.

Surgical management of aorto-right atrial fistula

Open Access Heart Surgery Case Study

Aorto-right atrial fistula associated with Stanford type A aortic dissection is rare, and difficult to diagnose clinically. Intraoperative diagnosis in this case allowed effective treatment by direct suture.

AI improves spirometry in primary care

An AI support tool could aid clinicians using spirometry to accurately predict respiratory diagnoses, particularly chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Latest recommendations for endocarditis in adult congenital heart disease

Open Access Endocarditis Review

Revise the updated diagnostic criteria and revised treatment recommendations for managing endocarditis in adult patients with congenital heart disease. 

Total diet replacement achieves type 2 diabetes remission in real-world setting

People with type 2 diabetes who are on a total diet replacement program can achieve remission in the real-world setting, but with lower frequency than in clinical trials.

How does hepatic encephalopathy develop?

Open Access Hepatic Encephalopathy Review

Liver injury can trigger neurocognitive abnormalities ranging from subtle impairments to coma. The interplay of infection and inflammation with ammonia is fundamental in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy.

CPAP treatment for sleep apnea and CV outcomes

CPAP therapy has an important role in the holistic management of obstructive sleep apnea, extending beyond respiratory symptom relief to encompass cardiovascular health benefits. But treatment adherence is crucial.

Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis complicated with fulminant type 1 diabetes

Open Access Type 1 Diabetes Case Study

A rare case of fulminant type 1 diabetes induced by SJS/TEN, which had developed in a patient taking carbamazepine and phenytoin. Glucose monitoring should be considered for patients with SJS/TEN.

Cardiometabolic risks in cancer survivorship

Managing cardiometabolic health in patients with a history of cancer is increasingly important. Discover the primary considerations including impact of demographic variables, cancer types, and treatment modalities. 

Comparable success for difficult bile duct cannulation with EUS-RV and precut sphincterotomy

05-09-2024 Biliary Tract Diseases News

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided rendezvous technique is not superior to precut sphincterotomy when used as a salvage technique for difficult biliary cannulation in benign biliary disease.

Evidence for efficacy of antivirals for severe influenza is lacking

05-09-2024 Influenza News

Direct-acting antivirals may reduce the duration of hospitalization for patients with severe influenza versus placebo or standard care, but the certainty of the evidence is low.

Glucocorticoid replacement therapy for SAI

Glucocorticoid replacement therapy is essential for patients with secondary adrenal insufficiency, but how should it be managed to avoid the risks associated with under- and overtreatment?

Advances in treating pLGG

Free for a limited time Glioma in Children Review

Pediatric low-grade gliomas often cause long-term morbidities despite high overall survival rates. But advances in molecular characterization, targeted therapies, and surgical techniques are improving outcomes.

A promising new factor XIa inhibitor?

Open Access Acute Coronary Syndrome Review

Early trials of a new oral Factor XIa inhibitor (Milvexian) are showing promise for prevention of thrombotic events in patients with acute stroke, acute coronary syndrome, and atrial fibrillation.

Concurrent pulmonary cryptococcosis and lung cancer

Open Access Cryptococcosis Case Study

This case serves as a prompt to consider the possibility of cryptococcosis, even when lung cancer has already been diagnosed, when lung radiology shows multiple nodules.

Common oral antibiotics can double the risk for serious cutaneous adverse drug reactions

04-09-2024 Severe Skin Reaction News

Sulfonamides and cephalosporins top the list of oral antibiotics that can cause serious cutaneous adverse drug reactions, according to the results of a population-based cohort study.

Triple combination pill works for hypertension management

04-09-2024 Hypertension News

GMRx2, a triple combination pill, has shown superior efficacy to placebo and dual therapy for reducing hypertension.

Uncommon type of malignant melanoma

Open Access Melanoma Case Study

The amelanotic variant of conjunctival malignant melanoma is extremely rare and can be difficult to diagnose. Clinicians must be vigilant when changes in the conjunctiva and eyelids are noticed.

Paternal HBV infection status linked to CHD risk

The risk for congenital heart disease is elevated in children whose fathers were infected with hepatitis B virus before their conception.

Transdermal insulin delivery

Could transdermal insulin delivery – via patches, microneedle-based systems, and insulin jet injectors – be a viable alternative to subcutaneous insulin delivery? Find out more in this review of the clinical trial data.