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Current Cardiology Reports

In Vivo and In Vitro Approaches to Modeling Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome

  • Open Access
  • 28-09-2024
  • Regenerative Medicine (SM Wu, Section Editor)
Published in:
Authors
Matthew Alonzo
Javier Contreras
Jakob Bering
Ming-Tao Zhao
Published in
Current Cardiology Reports | Issue 11/2024

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a critical congenital heart defect characterized by the underdevelopment of left-sided heart structures, leading to significant circulatory challenges, and necessitating multiple surgeries for survival. Despite advancements in surgical interventions, long-term outcomes often involve heart failure, highlighting the need for a deeper understanding of HLHS pathogenesis. Current in vivo and in vitro models aim to recapitulate HLHS anatomy and physiology, yet they face limitations in accuracy and complexity.

Recent Findings

In vivo models, including those in chick, lamb, and mouse, provide insights into hemodynamic and genetic factors influencing HLHS. In vitro models using human induced pluripotent stem cells offer valuable platforms for studying genetic mutations and cellular mechanisms.

Summary

This review evaluates these models' utility and limitations, and proposes future directions for developing more sophisticated models to enhance our understanding and treatment of HLHS.
Title
In Vivo and In Vitro Approaches to Modeling Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome
Authors
Matthew Alonzo
Javier Contreras
Jakob Bering
Ming-Tao Zhao
Publication date
28-09-2024
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Current Cardiology Reports / Issue 11/2024
Print ISSN: 1523-3782
Electronic ISSN: 1534-3170
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11886-024-02122-6
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This content is intended for healthcare professionals outside of the UK.

Independent Medical Education Grant:
  • Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals Inc.
Learn more Link opens in a new window
Image Credits
Abstract graphic of layered, concentric circular shapes in bright green, pink, blue, and purple on a dark blue background. The rings and segments form a complex radial pattern without text/© Springer Health+ IME