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Pediatrics Growth and Development

Growth and Development

How can you establish trust with children?

Establishing trust is a foundational skill for healthcare providers who work with children, but there’s no formal training on how to do it. Now there’s a framework to help you.

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Editor's Choice

Friedreich ataxia: a bright future?

Several drug and gene therapies are emerging that aim to stop, delay, or reverse the relentless trajectory of Friedreich ataxia, which is one of the most common inherited ataxias.

Vitamin D-dependent rickets complicated with RSV infection

Vitamin D-dependent rickets type 1 A causes failure to thrive, hypotonia, and increased fracture risk, and may complicate the clinical course of lower respiratory tract infections. How would you address the therapeutic challenges in this toddler?

Imaging of sports injuries in adolescents

Musculoskeletal injuries in an immature skeleton tend to occur in particular locations with distinct characteristics. How are different imaging methods used for diagnosis and management?

How does sleep help the brain develop?

Explore major milestones in brain development from birth to adolescence, changes in sleep (at both behavioral and neural levels) during the same period, and mechanisms linking the two.

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Case Studies

Vitamin D-dependent rickets complicated with RSV infection

Vitamin D-dependent rickets type 1 A causes failure to thrive, hypotonia, and increased fracture risk, and may complicate the clinical course of lower respiratory tract infections. How would you address the therapeutic challenges in this toddler?

Chronic abdominal pain and constipation diagnosed as glycogen storage disease type IX

A diagnosis of glycogen storage disease type IX is easy to overlook, but it should be considered in children presenting with unexplained hepatomegaly and elevated transaminase levels. Genetic analysis is vital for accurate diagnosis.

Atypical presentations of primary acquired hypothyroidism

A series of pediatric cases providing insight into the atypical presentations of primary acquired hypothyroidism, including musculoskeletal, hepatobiliary, gynecological and hematological manifestations.

Current Reviews

Advancements in Comorbidity Screening and Multidisciplinary Symptom Management for Hidradenitis Suppurativa

Hidradenitis Suppurativa (HS) is a complex, chronic, and recurrent inflammatory skin disease characterized by occlusion and inflammation of the pilosebaceous units with predilection for the axillary, inframammary, inguinal and anogenital regions [ …

Down Syndrome and Autoimmune Disease

Down syndrome is the most common genetic cause of intellectual disability and has previously been associated with a variety of autoimmune disorders affecting multiple organ systems. The high prevalence of autoimmune disease, in conjunction with …

Pediatric cervical spine instability: evolving concepts

The pediatric cervical spine is structurally and biomechanically unique in comparison to adults. Guidelines to assess for cervical spine instability and standard of care treatments in the pediatric population have yet to be delineated. This is due …

Sleep Disorders in Adults with Intellectual Disability: Current Status and Future Directions

Intellectual disability (ID), also known as learning disability, is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by significant deficits in intellectual and adaptive behaviour functioning that begin in the developmental period [ 1 ]. A large …

Further Reading

Should Scotland provide genome-wide sequencing for the diagnosis of rare developmental disorders? A cost-effectiveness analysis

Approximately 2–5% of children are born with rare developmental disorders, or manifest symptoms during childhood [ 1 ]. Although developmental disorders often have heterogeneous clinical presentations, the most commonly observed features consist of …

Assessment of sperm chromosomal abnormalities using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH): implications for reproductive potential

Sperm chromosomal abnormalities play a significant role in male infertility, accounting for 2–14% of cases of male infertility. Indeed, both numerical and structural chromosomal aberrations in sperm are major contributors to pregnancy loss [ 1 ] …

Orthodontic findings in adults with Trisomy 21

Life expectancy for people with Down’s syndrome (DS) has increased dramatically in recent decades thanks to advances in medical intervention and therapy [ 1 ]. This is reflected in an exponential increase since 1900, as the life expectancy of …

Clinical characteristics and perinatal outcome of fetuses with ventriculomegaly

Fetal ventriculomegaly (VM) is defined as enlargement of the atrium of the lateral cerebral ventricles and it is the most common central nervous system (CNS) abnormality detected by prenatal US [ 1 ]. The incidence is approximately 1% and it occurs …