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Journal of Endocrinological Investigation
Published in: Journal of Endocrinological Investigation 12/2023

Open Access 18-06-2023 | Gestational Diabetes | Original Article

Prevalence and risk factors of gestational diabetes in the health region of Lleida: a retrospective observational cohort study

Authors: M. Orós, D. Perejón, M. C. Serna, J. Siscart, J. Leon, M. Ortega, B. Salinas-Roca

Published in: Journal of Endocrinological Investigation | Issue 12/2023

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Abstract

Background

Diabetes is a very common metabolic condition during pregnancy. The number of cases increases with age and obesity. The prevalence of pre-gestational diabetes and gestational diabetes (GD) differs between different ethnic groups.

Objective

The aim of the study was to analyse the prevalence of pre-gestational diabetes and GD in the health region of Lleida. We also studied the GD risk factors during pregnancy according to the country of origin of the pregnant woman.

Methods

We performed a retrospective observational cohort study among pregnant women between 2012 and 2018 in the health region of Lleida. A multivariate model was performed with the different variables analysed by calculating the regression coefficient and its 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results

In our sample of 17,177 pregnant women, we observed a prevalence of pre-gestational diabetes and GD of 8.2% and 6.5%, respectively. We found a relationship of gestational diabetes with different factors: age, with 6.8% in 30–34 year-old women and 11.3% in women over 35 (OR 1.78 and 3.29, respectively); overweight, with 8.29% (OR 1.89); and obesity, with 12.9% (OR 3.15). Finally, women from Asia and the Middle East and the Maghreb had a higher risk of diabetes, with 12.2% (OR 2.1) and 9.91% (OR 1.3), respectively, and Sub-Saharan women had a lower risk of it 6.07% (OR 0.71).

Conclusions

GD has different risk factors, such as age, overweight, and obesity. Non-related conditions include hypothyroidism, arterial hypertension, and dyslipidaemia. Finally, pregnant women from the Maghreb, and Asia and the Middle East, are at higher risk of developing diabetes during pregnancy; meanwhile, Sub-Saharan origin is protector factor.
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Metadata
Title
Prevalence and risk factors of gestational diabetes in the health region of Lleida: a retrospective observational cohort study
Authors
M. Orós
D. Perejón
M. C. Serna
J. Siscart
J. Leon
M. Ortega
B. Salinas-Roca
Publication date
18-06-2023
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Published in
Journal of Endocrinological Investigation / Issue 12/2023
Electronic ISSN: 1720-8386
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-023-02120-5

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